Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 17

They walked step forward to Erics jeep. The night air was very shivery and on that point was no moon.Thea kept her pass along on Erics back, ready to recommend if he hesitated. that he never did.At the door of the jeep, Thea looked at Blaise. She was afraid to show any expression. Could Aradia see them? She takeed desperately to go Blaise a last hug.Aradia said, Is t here a window from the shop onto this channel?Thea looked at Blaise. Blaise said, no indeed you can say good-bye. After this youre red ink to have to pretend not to know each other.Thea stared at her, indeed felt a wild choked giggle well up. this instant I know why youre Maiden, she said, in a bare whisper. But-does anyone else net?l dont deem so. Some may wonder, but I think theyll sustentation their m revealhs shut. Say good-bye quick.Thea hugged Blaise, couldnt make herself let go. Thank you. Oh, Eileithyia, Blaise, Ill recede you.Now Im the last of the Harman line, Blaise said in a bad fictitious o f a smirking voice. Ill have a bedroom to myself, she added in more presumptive tones. And Im going to get Sheena good.Who?Thats good, you didnt hear. She was the one who turned us in. Shes one of Tobiass wee girlfriends, Circle Midnight. It seems hes been spying on us. He t gaga her enough that she understood we were doing prohibit spells, and she told Gran.It doesnt matter now.Are you kidding? Im getting sent to the Convent. Im going to kill her. The bells rang as Blaise tossed her head.Then she tightened her grip on Thea. I dont know why you want to be with a human, she whispered. But I hope you keep on wanting it now that you have it.Blaise, when you get back-please dont hurt them anymore. Theyre people. Really.Blaise sighed noncommittally Thea could finger it. But all she said, almost too softly for Thea to hear, was, Ill miss you-sister.Then Thea could let go.When she was in the jeep, Aradia leaned into the open door.Two things, she said rapidly. And theyre all the help I can give you. Mother Cybele mentioned Circle Daybreak. Ive heard rumors that there ax witches somewhere who are starting it up again.Witches who want to forget the tan Times, and who dont hold to Night World law. I dont know if its true. But if it is, peradventure you can dumbfound it.Theas breath was taken away. The possibility leaped inside her exchangeable some unimagined joy.And the other thing, Aradia said, with a rare smile-almost a drawing grin. Word is that some of your Redfern cousins have started going peculiar. Ive even heard that theyre lecture about finding human soulmates, just handle you. You might sift and contact them and see what the story is.Theas breath came back, and with it, tears. Oh, Aradia. Thank you.Good luck, Thea. And Eric. two of you, wherever you go.Eric, who had been sitting quietly behind the wheel, reached out to touch her hand lightly. And you, too. Thea could tell by his voice that he was puzzled and dazed, but he was trying not to show it.Then they host away. Thea turned round to watch Blaise getting smaller and smaller. A little wind blew Blaises hair, and she looked like a dark and mysterious Aphrodite, a goddess who always did what you least expected.Eric drove fast until they were a good distance from the shop, then pulled to the curb on a tiny residential street. He looked at Thea and said cautiously, Am I immune to this stuff? Because Im not forgetting anything. Or is it going to peak in any minute now?Thea kissed him.Then she began to laugh hysterically.No. No.You mean were authentically safe? Youre going to keep your powers?Yes YesShe had to keep telling him over and over to convince him. But finally he got it and his face changed. Was transformed by his lightning-bolt smile. He squeezed her and shook her and finally jumped out of the jeep and yelled All right Way to go, Blaise All right YesEricHe pounded the jeep.Eric, get back in, you idiot There might be Night People around. Then, still laughing unc ontrollably with drive in and gratitude and the abatement of tension, she said, Come in here. And she held out her arms.He jumped back in. They fit in concert perfectly, his arms around her, his breath against her hair.Im so happy, he said. I love you, witch.Thea was laughing and crying at once. I love you, too.He kissed her temple. She kissed his cheek. Then he kissed her mouth and stayed there for a long while. And Thea forgot about laughing, forgot that there was a world outside the two of them.And then they sat in concert in the darkness, resting against each other, just breathing. Safe. Connected.Thea was with someone who k invigorated her, who sawing machine what she saw. Her soulmate. And they were free to be with each other, without being hunted, without fear.She was filled with joy and tranquility.And with quiet sadness, too. It wasnt as if this new beginning came free. She still was an exile, cut off from her family. Gran was lost to her. If she saw Blaise, it would hav e to be in secret. Shed given up a lot. more or less everything.But she didnt regret it. not with Eric warm and solid in her arms. Not with the Night World saved from civil war, and the threat to the humans here over.And what now? she wondered.Strangely, even though there was no clear answer, she didnt feel afraid. She could visualize many futures, and they all seemed equally likely.Now they would go to Erics house, and Erics commence would be puzzled but generous, and Roz would be ferocious but delighted. And undermentioned week Thea would go back to school and transfer into honors zoology.She would get a scholarship to Davis and become a vet and use her powers to find out what was wrong with sick animals. Or she would find herself interested in wolves or elephants and would become a naturalist and visit faraway places to study them. Or she and Eric would adopt a puppy like Bud and write a book together to help people understand their dogs.Or she would find Circle Daybreak and m eet witches who wanted to forget the Burning Times. And they would be the first to reintroduce humans to magic, and Rosamund would grow up fierce and proud, crafty all the legends of Hellewise.Or she would find her vampire cousins and see if the soulmate principle was really coming back. And their group would be like a magnet, attracting other teenaged Night People with radical ideas, starting an underground revolution.Maybe a new generation of Redferns and Harmans were forming alliances with humans. Maybe it was time for hatred to stop.Maybe the old powers were waking and new times were coming. Maybe the world was about to change. simply one thing was sure.There were infinite possibilities.She held Eric and felt his breathing and was at peace with the night.The End

ICT Multimedia Coursework Assignment Essay

substructureI am loss to dumbfound my foundation on treat Experience and this realize out target students in year 10 which go forth help them know what would be done before Work pay back in order to them to go on it. I go out similarly give the year 10s a taste of how it impart be like when their on work and the skills that they willing gain during the weeks on their work.In this assignment I have utilize Microsoft Word to lawsuit up my report because its re aloney fast and easy and break in than writing it by hand. I withal use Microsoft PowerPoint to do my demonstration astir(predicate) Work Experience. During my assignment I used Windows Explorer to get images, which will be put on to my introduction and some on my video that I have created on Movie Maker.Techniques used use of goods and services Animation I used this technique because it helps you add affects to your swoops. I do this simply by click on parachuteshow at the top accordingly clicking on econo mic consumption animations then you have a choice to alternative which animation you indispensability.Action Buttons I used action scarcelytons in my presentation because when you view on a playground semivowelshow it will show a set of buttons and when you click on them they will take you directly to a slewshow, so basically its like a shortcut if you want to go to the old slide, and to do this you will have to add action buttons to your master slide this will automatically add Action buttons to all of your slideshows. luxate handing over I used slide transition because these are affects, which are located between one slide to another to make your slideshow more Attractive, on that point are all types of affects with a range to choose from.Master gliding I alike used master slide in my presentation because I thought it will save me a lot of season for example if I want something to appear on both slide I dont need to write it out every time I can just use master slide and do everything I want on one of the slide and it will automatically appear on all of them.Slide 1 (Work Experience) In my first slide I used a theme which was used for all of my slides and as you can see it has a certain glossary which appears as a title and for other descriptions. I also got the two pictures from clipart which relates to work friendship and gave them customs animation as well. Also I used master slide to put the action buttons on all of my slides.Slide 2 (Why do we do work experience?) In my second slide I used the same theme but changed the colours slightly just to make it look different. I used custom animation to my title, writing and picture. The picture from clipart shows a clock which relates to what I tell about work and punctuality.Slide 3 (What do you extend to from work experience) My third slide was about the achievements of work experience which will explain to the year 10s of the achievements they will get when they do work experience. I used custom animation to all of writings and pictures, which shows graduated students. I used this picture because it refers back to what I said in this slide about what achievements will work experience give you when you go to university and college.Slide 4 (Where can you get work experience from?) The fourth slide will tell the year 10s a brief description of what they need to do to apply for a work. The picture from clipart relates to the slide because it shows number of active people and it will give the people an idea of the sort of jobs that will be available for them when they go to work. I also used custom animation to my slide to make it more entertaining and flexible.lolSlide 5 (Rules of work experience) This slide is about the rules of work experience that need to be flowed by the year 10s while they are in work. I also added a video of what they need to do in work experience for e.g. keeping their workplace clean and tidy. I also used custom animation to my slide as it will entertain the people expression at the power point.Slide 6 (Selection of jobs) My last slide was about the type of jobs they can choose whether from the website or manually by going o the place and getting the form by the employer. I added a picture from clipart it shows a man signing paper this refers to what I said in this paragraph about the application form and jobs. I also used custom animation to it to make it entertaining.

Australia Pre-Primary Education Industry Essay

Rising Traction of Private Players to value Growth of Australia Pre-primary gentility Industry Ken Research The pre-primary grooming and electric razor handle marts in Australia ease up showcased separate growth trajectory over the long time. The pre-primary mart in Australia is an emerging food commercialise characterized by the rising aw atomic number 18ness about the quality early on small fryhood teaching method and carry on amongst parents.Although the public spending on the pre-primary learning in Australia is amongst the lowest spending countries in the OECD, the government has taken material steps to promote the access and the importance of the pre-primary procreation amongst the masses. The regional pre-primary markets in each of the state or dirt differ from an opposite as the governing system is decentralized.Henceforth while the market-run kindergartens account for a supreme share in the states such as New South Wales, capital of Seychelles and Queens land, in states including Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania, Australian Capital grease and Northern Territory, a vast majority of preschools are government funded and run. Subsequently, the change of education and age-group of the minorren varies accordingly. The child care market in Australia is a developed and maturate market and is marked by a high degree of fragmentation.The child care market caters to children aged up to twelve and has experienced a tranquillize growth in the last six years, propelled by high rent prevailing in the market. In the last few years, childcare market has been increasingly recognized by the government as a mode of increasing womens employability in the workforce. Henceforth, various provisions such as Child Care Rebates, Child Care Benefit have been provided, which has support increasing adjustments in this sector. The market revenues of the childcare market have increase from USD 7,081.6 million in FY2008 at a CAGR of 5. 6% durin g FY2008-FY2012. The grocery of pre-primary education and childcare application in Australia has witnessed a growing topic of market players after the fall of the market draw ABC cultivation in FY2008. A majority of the ABC centers was taken over by Goodstart Learning, a nonprofit organization, which accounted for % of the market share of the childcare market in FY2012. Other major players include G8 education and KU children services.The market has showcased an increasing derive of profit-making players over the years, owing to the growing attractiveness of the market. With the increasing second of grand-day care centers providing preschool education, the pre-primary education market of Australia has been reflecting signs of growing integration with the childcare market. As the number of nuclear families and women workers has grown in the Australian economy, the dependency on child care has in like manner consequently increased, leading to many preschools providing child c are services as well.The depict Australia Pre-primary Education and Childcare Industry candidate to FY2017 provides detailed overview on the pre-primary education and childcare manufacturing from various perspectives. The report encloses a comprehensive analysis of the various segments of the market reflecting the present scenario and forthcoming growth affected by changing industry dynamics in coming years. Additionally, the report also entails information about the public and mystical sector initiatives, rational analysis of the macroeconomic factors, along with the profiles of the major market players of the pre-primaryeducation and childcare industry. The report will help industry consultants, companies and other stakeholders to align their market centric strategies according to ongoing and expected trends in future. For more information on the industry research report enthrall refer to the below mentioned link http//www. kenresearch. com/education/pre-school-education/aus tralia-pre-primary-educationresearch-report/398-99. htmlThe report name Australia Pre-Primary Education and Childcare Industry Outlook to FY2017Increasing Influx of Private Players to Foster Industry Revenues provides a detailed analysis of the preprimary education and childcare industry covering various aspects including market size of pre-primary education and childcare markets in terms of revenues, enrollments, establishments and number of teachers, and market segmentation on the basis of sexual practice and region-wise enrollments and type of funding institutions along with ongoing trends in the industry.The report also includes competitive landscape and profiles of the major players operating in the industry. The future projections are included to provide an insight on the prospects in the Australia childcare market. The pre-primary and childcare industry of Australia is a diverse market which has undergone significant changes over the years. The pre-primary education and chi ldcare markets in Australia are distinguished by the age-group of the target existence and the mode of education. The childcare market of Australia is a matured market component to children aged up to twelve.The type of services provided in the Australian market is quite diverse catering to the various needs and requirement of the families. The revenues of the child care market have grown strongly over the years, with turn in largely keeping in pace with demand. Over the past years, child care in Australia has evolved from a form of early learning and education to a key mechanism to support labor force participation. The market for the childcare is competed by private businesses, communities and government run centres. The pre-primary education market of Australia is an emerging market marked by low penetration of the services.The enrollment rates for the children aged 3 and above are still very low. The formats and settings for preschool education in Australia vary from one sta te or territory to another with departments of education responsible for governing the preschool sector each state. Consequently, the market setting of pre-primary education sector is assorted, with Queensland being one of states which has mandated the admission in the pre-primary education for young kids. Preschool programs in Australia are run by twain government and non-government services, including community preschools and child care providers.The competitive landscape of the Australia pre-primary and childcare industry is quite fragmented which has witnessed increasing market entries over the years after the fall of ABC Learning in FY2008, the market leader the industry. Presently, the childcare market of the industry features a number of players which operate on non-profit basis. However, the increasing influx of the profit-making players has been driving the revenues of the market in recent years. Goodstart Learning, G8 education and KU children services constitute some of the major players of the industry.The pre-primary education and childcare industry in Australia has been witnessing growing integration of the pre-primary and childcare markets with the increasing number of Long day care centers with preschool programs in the country. Preschools with childcare facilities are increasingly become a common phenomenon, with increasing trend of customized services being offered by the providers. Computer-based education has also entered into the preschool segment, reflecting the increasing quality of the education imparted.

Lincoln Electric Company Case Essay

After reviewing the side I feel that the main(prenominal) reason of capital of Nebraskas unknown operation dilemma was because of its erratic incorporate strategy, which was the similar strategy that made capital of Nebraska so fortified in the United States. capital of Nebraskas competitive advantage in the United States was based in its unique civilization and incentive system of rules (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). A corporate culture that emphasized open communication and rely began with its bring in care. Lincolns leaders used an approach that back up all employees to share their thoughts not only with their managers but also with the chief operating officer (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). This corporate wide approach to management, encouraged by the companys incentive system, created an exceptionally committed and executed micturateforce. Lincoln thought that its management style and incentive system would work to regenerate the foreign trading operations performance by energizing and committing its workers (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007).But Lincoln did not bring to pass was that its corporate culture had been created and confirmed for over almost a cardinal year and took time to build such a successful corporate culture (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). By 1993, Hastings realized the mistakes they had made (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). The corporate culture of European countries would not be compatible with their programs. For example, German workers were highly skilled and Germans worked a few(prenominal)er hours a week than Lincolns U.S. workers did (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). The U.S. workers frequently worked overtime and usually on short notice, which helped to make the incentive system work successfully (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). German workers were not as productive as Lincolns U.S. workers (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). Donald Hastings began to be lie with conscious of what the company was up agains t. For the offshoot time Lincoln evaluated the projects that it was undertaking with the view of what the company was facing and what it could real accomplish (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007).Lincoln Electric would be possessed of to cut back on almost all of the operations it had invested in just a few years prior. Lincoln was forced to begin restructuring plan for all of its foreign operations to go outside thecompany to find innovative top management (Anthony and Govindarajan, 2007). In bless to improve global operations, I commend that Lincoln Electric must improve its company relations, its production systems, and its localization in the global community. Lincoln Electric should concentrate on underdeveloped and manufacturing inventive products. This action pass on help Lincoln Electric win a competitive advantage to its competitors. Furthermore, contracts should be set up with Lincolns supplier and buyers. By creating contracts with the suppliers, Lincoln can lessen literal costs and price its products competitively.Additionally, I think that they should have partnerships with great buyers will help in the creation of new products, as well as securing a contractual agreement. Given that Lincoln Electric has g unrivaled beyond its experimental global expansion stage, it should carry on such opportunities in profitable and a cost-effective environment. Lincoln should attempt to only come into new markets when it has a firm partner that currently operates in the market. Lincolns incentive system should only be put into practice in operations where the workforce and its culture are compatible with their program. This case did alter my viewpoint regarding managing foreign operations.I think that in order to pursue business in another country you must have knowledge of the international markets or cultures. What may work in one country may not work in another country. I think that when deciding which countries to decide to expand in, that all factors regarding culture should be considered. Lincoln Electric Holdings has proven to be a successful, innovative company that holds a immense leadership position in its industry.ReferencesAnthony, R. N., & Govindarajan, V. (2007). Management curb systems (12th ed.). New York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

In her novel Charlotte Bronte details and develops the life and experiences of narrator and main character William Crimsworth

In her novel The Professor, author Charlotte Bronte details and develops the keep and experiences of narrator and main persona William Crimsworth. After graduating from Eton College in England, Crimsworth is in motivation of an occupation. He stubbornly refuses offers from his uncles, and consequently finds himself with no other cho screwball than to produce for his tyrannical brother in the menial position of clerk. However, his settings soon receive unbearable, and with an acquaintances recommendation, William secures himself employment as a professor at a boys school in Brussels.Williams arrival in Belgium presents him with new opportunities ii professionally and personally, as he approximately without delay meets two women who be to lurch his existence dramatically Zoraide Reuter and Frances Henri. Bronte creates and emphasizes many differences and similarities between these two women using versatile techniques and methods, which primarily include comparison and con trast. Zoraide and Frances severally have their own epoch-making and soulfulness place in the life of and interaction with William Crimsworth.Each char possesses different kinds of carnal and mental attri exceptes, comes from a unique setting, and enters into and affects his life in a contrasting way. These differences, along with a few similarities, are explored through and through the authors use of imagery and irony. Initially, Zoraide and Frances make involved in Crimsworths life in completely dissimilar ways. These conditions reflect a hint of irony, as their initial roles are complete reversals of their ultimate functions.Zoraide and Williams initial encounter is one that has been pose by her mother, who has offered him a t all(prenominal)ing position at the girls school everyplace which Zoraide presides as directress. Thus, Zoraide appears suddenly and pronouncedly the importance of her and Crimsworths interactions, and her influence upon his life and form are imme diately made evident. Their kin is established as one in which she is his superior both in position and in age. However, a wild-eyed possibility is also suggested in the scene containing their introduction. While walking in concert in her garden, William implicitly compares Mdlle.Reuters form to the well-trimmed beds and budding shrubberies of her garden, and her complexion to the bloom on a good apple (108). William and Zoraides affections are further developed in this subjective setting, as the majority of their romantic interactions take place in her garden, a sort of forbidden Garden of Eden into which she allows him access. The nature and embed imagery that pervades his descriptions is continued throughout the novel and is also used in portrayals of the other primarily influential reference point in his life Mdlle. Frances Henri. As opposed to the entrance of Mdlle.Reuter, Frances arrives in Williams life quietly and without notice as a sewing instructor of whom he has pr eviously observed but never taken notice. This condition is made evident in his statement, A maitresse I sometimes saw but of her I never had a more than passing glimpse I had no opportunity of perusal her suit or observing her person (132-133). Her important and influential role develops gradually throughout the subsequent months. She later becomes one of his pupils, thus establishing their relationship as one in which William is the superior he is the authoritarian t separatelyer and she the submissive student.However, as her intellect and admirable nature soon become apparent, Crimsworths regard and affection for her grow and develop. In response to his newly displayed attentions and consideration, Frances blossoms both physically and mentally. This nurturing relationship is manifested in the metaphor that compares her to a plant and Crimsworth to its lovingness gardener (176). In yet another nature-related metaphor, she is compared to a lost embellish nestling in the mossy a nd mouldy roots of yew-trees (194).Crimsworths many descriptions of each woman play an integral role in the development of both their physical features and mental attributes. Although plant and floral imagery is used in the portrayals of both women, there are metaphors drawn between other natural elements that highlight the differences between them. An aspect of descriptive imagery in which the two women differ completely, is that of fire and temperature. Zoraide is invariably being related to coldness and ice her gaze is described as hard, dark, her eye as glittering with nobody of a irrupt ever kindled in its temperate gleaming (180,183).Furthermore, as William becomes further acquainted with Mdlle. Reuter, she essentially withers as her trustworthy nature is disc everywhereed. This condition is made evident when she and Crimsworth return to the bench in her garden, once a place of affection and fascination for him, which has now been alter into a location of cold, stirred emptiness, due to his discovery of her real character (181-185). Zoraides true nature is a manipulative one, which is exhibited and manifested several times in the course of the novel through her actions.For example, upon realizing that she has lost Crimsworths regard (due to her own manipulations and dishonesty), Zoraide immediately results to underhanded methods in an attempt to regain his affection. She uses false flattery of William, and reproach and condescension of Frances hidden under a guise of concern in order to elevate her own status and appearance ( ). In contrast, Frances is constantly being associated with warmth and fire her eye is portrayed as effloresce and light, her countenance as bright and warm, glowing in the animated boot shining in the expansive light of the summer sun flash lamp out urning almost like fire (195). Mdlle.Henri is likened to fire, light, and warmth over and over again throughout the novel, as the silent possessor of a flame of passion (196) . As a further testimony to the importance of their association, without Crimsworth, she has liberal wasted and pale, her blaze humbled to embers (195, 196). This imagery further reiterates the appropriateness of her and Crimsworths relationship, as he himself is often described as the possessor of an inward fire, his heart tan and hot within him (181).Such interactions and descriptions develop the nature and character of the virtuoso relationships of the work. As far as character is concerned, Mdlle. Reuter and Mdlle. Henri have defining character traits that are quite opposite from one another. The true nature of each woman is made evident as the novel progresses and their respective relationships with William develop. The aspect of these internal characteristics, in turn, contributes to Crimsworths desire for each woman.Although it is Zoraide to who he is initially attracted, her inconsistencies and alter nature result in a short and meaningless romance. Her carriage is agg ressive and noticeable she makes her romantic feelings for Crimsworth obvious, and then engages in psychological and emotional games with him. They participate in an almost cat and mouse relationship, with each individual constantly trying to gain the upper hand and outsmart the other. Williams affections for and compaction with her are short-lived as a result of her deceitful character and lack of integrity.Frances, on the other hand, possesses much more dignity and unimportance than Zoraide, and never engages in deceitful and base actions. She maintains a quiet and demure, almost unnoticeable existence. Her feelings for William are not discovered until much later in the novel, and are not revealed as a result of her actions but are rather made known through his own pursuits. The more endure and true love is formed with Frances, who is the possessor of redeeming and admirable qualities-she is the physique of all that composes a truly good individual.These characteristics form th e kind of buttocks upon which a steady and real love can be based, and thus, it is this relationship that develops harmoniously and remains intact throughout the novel. Her love and compassion stop the marriage just as Mdlle. Reuters dishonesty and selfishness ensure her downfall. Another tincture of irony enters the novel here, as it is Mdlle. Reuter who has had a more formal and correct upbringing, while Mdlle. Henri was raised in virtual poverty and want, with almost no formal education. Thus, it should be Zoraide who is the possessor of these more lady-like qualities.This difference in background and its end result further reflects the contrasts in the inherent nature of each woman, elevating the readers view Frances and reducing that of Zoraide. In the final chapters of The Professor, Frances finds herself in the position of directress of a school that she and William have founded and thus maintains the same occupation as Mdlle. Zoraide. This condition serves to heighten bo th the similarities and contrasts of the two women. Bronte characterizes and explores the two primary women characters of Zoraide Reuter and Frances Henri in her work The Professor through the use of comparison and contrast.These two individuals are delimit through their relationship with the narrator and main character, William Crimsworth. These interactions are developed through the revelation of certain characteristics and information that pertain specifically to each woman. In turn, imagery and irony develop and add depth to these qualities, which include physical and mental attributes, background and history, and intrinsic disposition and nature. Without the skillful use of these devices, the characters in the novel would not appear so realistic and possess much(prenominal) a great degree of depth and complexity.

% Mgo Determination

Vu Ngo % MgO Determination September 10, 2012 Procedure adduce to lab manual Data Mass of Na2EDTA2H2O, g . 9289 Standardization of EDTA issue run 1 Trial 2 Final burette reading, EDTA (mL) 18. 5 36. 7 Initial buret reading, EDTA(mL) 0. 5 18. 5 Determination of % MgO of nameless Unknown Number 4J establish 1 exemplar 2 Sample 3 Mass of savour (g) 0. 2135 0. 2132 0. 2139 Final buret reading, EDTA (mL) 73. 5 74. 2 74. 2 Initial buret reading, EDTA(mL) 0. 5 0 0 metre of water blank Final buret reading, EDTA(mL) 14. 5 Initial buret reading, EDTA(mL) 14. 2 Sample CalculationGiven Molar mass of Na2EDTA*2H2O, g/mol 372. 25 Expected M of EDTA solution, mol/L (M) 0. 01 tautness of Zn2+, (M) 0. 0125 10mL*1L1000mL= 0. 01L C1V1=C2V2 .0125M. 010L)=C2(. 018L) C2=. 0125M*. 0100L. 0180L=. 00694M .00694M+. 0687M2=. 00691M C2=. 00691M. 073=5. 04*10-4mol %MgO=5. 04*10-4mol40. 05. 2135g*100=9. 51% Results Standardization of EDTA Solution Trial 1 Trial 2 Volume used, EDTA(mL) 18. 0 18. 2 me tre of EDTA solution, (M) 0. 00694 0. 00687 Average Molarity of EDTA solution, (M) 0. 00691 Determination of % MgO of Unknown Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Volume used, EDTA (mL) 73. 74. 2 74. 2 Mole of Mg2+in examine 5. 04E-04 5. 12E-04 5. 12E-04 % of MgO in hear, % 9. 52 9. 69 9. 66 Average % of MgO in sample, % 9. 62 Error Analysis The step of the sample in gram, have +/- . 0001g error. The measurement using the the buret have a +/- . 1mL error. These types of measurement error ar trading floord on the sensitivity of the instrument, during the measurement. These errors could cause the end to deviate from the real(a) answer. During the experiment, using titration to recollect the end point. Because of the end point was unknown, a superstar send away could determine its end point.There might be an extra drop that caused the data to vary as both parts of the experiment have determined. The first runnel of both the experiment, the number is different, because of the unsure number of drops. victimization the result from the first trial, the result of the second trial was more accurate. As proven from the experiment of determination of percent of MgO of the unknown. The sample 2 and sample 3 testing results in similarity that differ from the sample one. The sample used 73. 0 ml of the EDTA solution, while both samples 2 and 3 used 74. 2 ml of EDTA solution.This will cause a percentage point in the result toward a lower number used to find the end point. This error is not a major factor since it is just now of my 1. 2 ml of the actual result. The percent of all three result of MgO is different under 1 percent different. Thus, a very well-founded result in all three of the experiment. Discussion This experiment is to protagonist us understand the reaction between an anion and the metal cation. It demonstrated the Lewis base understanding of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The goal was achieved through titration of the sample in ninefold trial s in order to find its expiry.The end point was found when the wiretap coloration, due to EBT was added, turn into a blue/ violet color. This signified its endpoint of the sample. The result is good quality, because of the deviation from the first trial and last trial that was done on the same sample. The result is off by . 2ml in the standardization of EDTA solution. In the second part of the determination of % MgO of the unknown the first, second, and tercet sample the percentage displaces is well under 1% difference. The result is worthy 99% confident that the result is good quality, because of the consistency of the data.

God’s Intervention in the world Essay

Explain what is meant by the rule book describing deity as a miracle druber?Miracles study been describe all over the adult male for thousands of years. In most scenarios miracles are link to divinity fudge, and the activity of immortal inside the world suggesting divinitys imminence. The world miracle originates from the word miraculum meaning a thing of wonder. It is an fracture to the processes of nature that cannot be explained by lifelike laws and therefore a transgression. An interruption such as this normally bears virtually deeper and usually religious significance.The bible recites many another(prenominal) ideas of miracles by either God or though deliverer. Within the old testament the story of Joshua and the Israelites. This story explains how he took his army to defend a guide called Gibeon and that God was on the side of Joshua and befriends them defeat the enemies of Gibeon. God does this by the interruption of natural laws such as pro longing the days, and throwing down a storm of hail.Other texts within the bible suggest miracles performed by God. For voice during the story of Moses where he parts the reed sea in golf-club for the Israelites to escape from the Egyptians. Another way miracles are shown within the bible is done Jesus. This is shown in such miracles as the sustenance of 5000 and healing of the paralysed man Jesus was told to even bring people back to life. The bible uses these miracles to show Gods immanency within the world and his the relationship between God and humanity.miracles make it laborious to believe in a reliable godThe idea of miracles is that they stand firm the laws of nature. That God Is transcendent but shows his power and goodness by interacting within the world as a miracle manoeuvreer. For many who have experienced miracles they bump it as an experience with God, for an example the theopany between God and Moses. However many issues are raised by the idea of God interfering in the lives of others.Firstly, some people see miracles as being morally unfair. They would range that if God was all good why would he interfere in the lives of some and not others. Why would a good God chose to help certain people and leave others to suffer. For example God helped the Jews many multiplication within the bible whether it be in the story of Moses, Joshua or the feeding of 5000.However let them suffer through persecution so badly during the final solution of world war two. Not only this but through the stories of Joshua and Moses God is choosing to help some people, in this case the Israelites but not the Egyptians or the enemies of Gibeon if God is the creator of everything in order to be morally define God should be fair and just. Furthermore in some accounts of miracles from the bible God chooses to help a single person, how would God chose who to help and who to stupefy in suffering if God was just and fair. A miracle itself therefore contradicts Gods omnibenevolence.Mira cles to a fault make God uncertain. According to religious believers God is the creator of everything mankind ex nihilo and yet for a miracle to exist God must work against his own populace to create a miracle. This questions Gods immanency as it goes against the idea that God is omniscient and never changing. By producing miracles the legitimate laws created by God are uncertain and channelable.Why would a God that is all God and powerful need to work against his own creation there should be no need for miracles. God looked as his work and saw it was good. How could God be the creator of the earth and want to change how it works?Maurice wiles would agree with this arguing that God couldnt intervene on an individual level without undermining his whole creation. And that a good who could reject some suffering whilst choosing to help others it not worthy of worship.Although many follow this personal line of credit there are those who would say there does not need to be a choice between natural law and miracles, that they can co exist within the same world. That science can only modernise by accepting new ideas of which miracles could be one. Also that miracles can have the same sorts of evidence as that of science, accounts by people, memories or physical traces leftover behind.David Hume is another philosopher who rejects that a reliable God cannot be a God of miracles. He suggests that miracles have nothing to do with God and that those talk of experiencing marvellous events are barbarous ignorant and gullible By this he meat that the idea of God creating miracle is simply an excuse for those who cannot understand the true and natural reason for the occurrence.On the other hand there are those who would plead with the ideas of Hume and others sharing that opinion. They would say that although it is questionable as to whether miracles exist and are caused by God there is and equal lack of evidence to deny the occurrence of miracles. Equally that for a religious person it is not to question how God interacts within the world, just to have faith and accept that God is omnipotent, omni appealing etc and that God must perform these miracles for a reason that is beyond the concord of humans but is for a good cause.

Tata Nano

PREFACE This is a explore intention on a cultivation on effectuate of impudent cheapest auto in the existence by TATA Company name TATA NANO. The objective of this research proposal is to rise up come in an opportunity or a problem in the launch of the sm completelyest /cheapest auto targeting masses through secondary information / selective information. Also to come upon knowledge close how TATA brought this reinvigo pointd product i. e. , NANO up to the development confront and ultimately going to launch it on 23rd March, 2008 (already launched till now). During this stray I researched on how TATA real NANO following Rupees1 lakh ($ 2500 U. S) and what forget be its effects.A mountain was also done for understanding consumer subverting simulate and preferences (which is a part of secondary data). Thus, this study is based on natural product development in marketing for TATA NANO. Marketing guessk is the revenue enhancementonomic and objective identificati on, collection, analysis, dissemination, and use of information for the r tabuine of improving decision devising related to identification and solution of problems and opportunity. Perception is the process, by which an private selects, organizes and interprets information inputs to create a meaningful picture of the world near as.I conducted to gain an understanding of what goes in to mind of the customer ab turn out NANO. I have accepted lot during my research proposal on TATA NANO and I hope this will be helpful to remember out the proposal information. parry OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT2 PREFACE3 INTRODUCTION OF TATA beat backS5 PROBLEM & research OBJECTIVES6 context OF teach7 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY7 LIMITATIONS7 QUALITATIVE research7 ENVIRONMENTAL stage setting OF THE PROBLEM8 MANAGEMENT decisiveness AND marketing look PROBLEM8 MANAGEMENT DECISION PROBLEM8 merc pass onise RESEARCH PROBLEM9 guesswork9 second-string DATA9TATA NANO FEATURES10 aim MARKET10 SWOT ANAL YSIS11 COMPETENCIES OF TATA NANO11 COMPETITION11 CAR monomania PER green muckle12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY12 add together human activity OF VEHICLES (INDIA)12 GROWTH OF MOTOR VEHICLES (INDIA)13 % OF PEOPLE WHO ARE aw be(predicate) OF TATA NANO13 PREFERENCES OF diametrical AGE GROUP REGARDING BUYING OF NANO13 TATA NANO A PEOPLES CAR13 interior(prenominal) MARKET SHARE13 BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE TATA MOTORS14 gondolaMOBILE PRODUCTION14 railrailway car EXPORT14 IDENTIFICATION OF cardinal ISSUES14 SUGGESTIONS14 ANALYSIS OF TATA NANO15 IMPACT OF TATA NANO ON LIFE OF COMMON MAN15PORTERS 5 FORCES MODEL OF NANO CAR15 BARRIERS TO ENTRY15 BUYERS16 SUPPLIERS16 SUBSTITUTES16 COMPETITVE RIVALRY16 CONCLUSION FUTURE OF TATA NANO16 mesaS CHARTS & FIGURES17 INTRODUCTION OF TATA NANO18 SECONDARY DATA18 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY20 ANNEXURE23 INTERNET WEBSITES23 TEXT BOOKS / MAGAZINES/ NEWSPAPERS24 INTRODUCTION OF TATA MOTORS DREAM DREAM AND DREAM, because dream gives visual modality, vision give s thoughts and finally thoughts lead to the action Each letter of these motivational spoken communication said by Indias former President DR. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM, goes exactly with MR.rattan TATA, Chairman of TATA GROUP, who in the year 2003, dreamt of producing a safe, afford suitable car for the commonalty man. Mr. RATAN TATA launched TATA NANO on 10th January, 2008, at the 9th railcar Expo 2008 in New Delhi. Established in 1945. First Vehicle rolled out in 1954. Indias largest business group. Diverse Business in 7 sectors. International income 61 % of group revenue. Operations in over 80 countries. Products & Services exported to 85 countries. Largest employer in private sector over 3, 00,000 employees. military man cheapest car with a price tag of $ U.S 2,500. First partnership from Indias engineering sector to be listed in NYSE (September, 2004). unquestionable Indias first fully indigenous passenger car. Operations in U. K, South Korea, Thailand & Spain. Over 4 milli ons TATA vehicles fly on Indian roads. dry land wide dealership 3500. * (TABLES CHARTS & FIGURES) PROBLEM & RESEARCH OBJECTIVES To study about how a new(a) product TATA NANO was developed based on marketing practicalness of new product development. To study about what made possible for TATA to develop and produce a car for just Rupees ONE hundred thousand ($ U. S 2,500).To study the objectives and target customers of TATAS ONE LAKH CAR. To study on consumers buying behavior and preferences and views about TATA NANO by divers(a) methods of data collection. To find out the consumer perception on NANO car in INDIA. SCOPE OF STUDY This study would be utile for companies to know what mass perceive and thinking about Small Fight that is NANO. This study would be useable to other students as a secondary data. This study would be reusable to form strategies according to perception of people about NANO. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY To know the consumer perception on NANO car.To find out t he acceptance train of people. To find out the aw are(predicate)ness level about NANO car. To know about factors affecting purchase decision of NANO. To know how purchase decision of NANO varies from polar income group. LIMITATIONS I will have to rely upon the information effrontery by respondents, which whitethorn not be fully true. This study will be limited to only Indian Population. It is only for short period of clock. lack of professional approach since researcher is a student. Subjectivity is the main limitations of such(prenominal) studies. These sorts of upchucks take generally longer period than other ones.Situations may abide a change. Hence, time gap may effects the achieverful implementations of research results. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS all told have thrust experience. Time Duration 1 hour. All have a good knowledge of TATA NANO. specimen sizing 500. Sample group location. information collection involves a field force and electronically. mount Group 20 25 26 35 36 45 45+ (both males & females) QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Taken 100 respondents, placid on the basis of secondary data. Respondents based on previous driving experience, driving license & knowledge about TATA NANO.Based on different cultures, regions & age-group amongst 20 25 years. This project of TATA NANO is based on based on basic research because it is not aimed at solving a grumpy pragmatic problem. Also generally force outnot be immediately implemented by marketing executive. Verify the acceptability of a given theory, or to l master to a abundanter extent about a certain concept. My research is based on Descriptive Research. Survey most common method of descriptive research. Research technique gathering information from a take of people utilize questionnaires (which will be utilized later for primary data).Different survey methods to contact respondents telephone/mail internet & in person. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM Past Information & Forecast Resources & Constraints Objective Buyer look Legal Environment Economic Environment MANAGEMENT DECISION AND trade RESEARCH PROBLEM MANAGEMENT DECISION PROBLEM Will the rebirth of TATA NANO to a taxi affect cross out image and consequently sales? Will initial demand may lead to stock out? Whether the prices of TATA NANO will be sustained over a period of time with the economic changes in raw material price rise?With the swinger in sales of TATA NANO, whether the understructure of the country will be able to sustain the volume of traffic? Will the protest of farmers against TATA NANO plant in SINGUR will affect the sales? Will general perception of defacement TATA in small car segment affect the sales? MARKETING RESEARCH PROBLEM As price of TATA NANO is very cheap in INDIA, possibility of car being used as taxi stoolnot be avoided. Time to convert raw material into TATA NANO. Determining the trends in steel, gum elastic and other raw material prices. The counsel of INDIA i n building infrastructure and spending trends.They (TATA) thought that they are cheated by the government. TATA Company is known for operose commercial vehicle. This common perception screwing affect the sale of NANO. HYPOTHESIS Conversion of TATA NANO to a taxi do not affect the brand image and consequently sales. TATA NANO is safe for driving. Hike in price of TATA NANO will not affect the sale. People prefer to purchase TATA NANO instead of ii wheeler. People fag end wait for TATA NANO for few months. SECONDARY DATA The success of any project or market survey depends upon heavily on the data collection and analysis.It is necessary that the data collected is a sure data in order to achieve the research objective. Secondary Data are those data, which have been already collected or published for the purpose other than specific research need at dig. This data is simply used by the researcher for his purpose of collected data and its used for the analogous purpose. The seconda ry data sources here in this project are websites, books. It is also often called desk research because, as the name implies, it squirt often be completed from the desk of the researcher victimization printed information, the Internet, the phone and so on.The information might be internal, i. e. , available within the researchers own organization, or external where the information comes from elsewhere. Internal sources includes Organizations sales records Customer Database Complaints and other comments received from customers market research antecedently carried out from the organization Inquiries received from prospective customers Organizations annual report & Brochures, newsletters & house magazines produced by the organization.External sources includes libraries company data directories & almanacs books of statistical data Internet academic research media articles in the general & sell press reports by data agencies commercial sources international sources government database s exertion experts industry data market research reports & unpublished sources. TATA NANO FEATURES continuance 3. 1 METERS WIDTH 1. 5 METERS WEIGHT 600 KGS HEIGHT 1. 6 METERS ENGINE altogether ALUMINIUM, REAR MOUNTED, REAR WHEEL DRIVE CAPACITY 623 CC personnel 33PS FUEL INJECTION MULTI POINT FUEL INJECTION (MPFI) FUEL showcase PETROL, DIESEL VERIONS WILL BE LATERBODY TYPE winding-sheet METAL SEATING CAPACITY 04 (FOUR) MILEAGE 26 KMPL (HIGHWAYS) 20 22 KMPL (CITY DRIVE) TOP SPEED 75 K. M EMISSION NORMS EURO 1V, BHARAT STAGE terzetto COMPLIANT SAFETY NORMS FRONTAL CRASH TESTED VERSIONS ONE prototype & 2 DELUXE COMPARISON 8% LESS IN LENGTH (BUMPER TO BUMPER) WITH RESPECT TO MARUTI 800. 21% MORE INNER SPACE WITH RESPECT TO MARUTI 800. TARGET MARKET The low cost care is clearly intended for the masses. For the family of four-spot that would otherwise ride on a scooter, precariously balancing a tiny tot on the front and a baby on the wifes lap.For the first time car buye r in INDIA a huge market despite the increasing number of cars in the urban and semi urban areas. It also attracts the small cars buyers like Maruti 800. TATA NANO uses plastics and adhesives kinda than welding. Introducing the car with an artificially low price through government subsidies and tax breaks, or using vertical integration or partially using inexpensive polymers or biodegradable plastics instead of a full surface body. It has no AC, no force steering, no power windows, and no power bells and whistles Executive two wheeler people People that are works rofessionals but cannot afford to buy a three lakh car which is medium cost of small car in INDIA. Second hand car user Those people that cannot afford to buy a new car. Now they will be able to buy a new car cheaper then they buy a used car for. Auto rickshaw market Most of the auto rickshaws also cost same as the price of NANO. This may help the NANO to replace them as well. midpoint and lower income group peop le These are the people that are increment and are becoming a little richer which is making them afford a car. SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTH Cheapest car in the World. 21% much space than Maruti 800.Brand Name (TATA). Cost scathe Low. Fuel Efficient. Safe. inviolate Market Position. Research and Development. WEAKNESSES Low power Not a attitude symbol. Delay in manufacturing. No regular size luggage room. It may create much traffic problems. Dependent on vendors. Overdependence on Indian Market. OPPORTUNITIES It can capture the large market in the society i. e. center field Class. Large Market for Selling. Awareness in the market. First car in low range. Can hit in global market. THREATS Its nearer competitors BAJAJ AUTO & TARA are ready to introduce cars less than the price of NANO.Company equal Not sure to hit in rural & semi-urban areas. COMPETENCIES OF TATA NANO Expectations. Modular Design. determine Strategy. Export Expectation. Pricing & Acceptance of TATA after launch. Enth usiastic Support. COMPETITION automotive CAR CAR TATA NANO MARUTI 800 HINDUS AMBY ANDY NANO WEIGHT KG 600 800 2,000 600 SPEED 110 60 100 110 HP 33 37 100 30 VOLUME CC 630 800 1,800 200 FUEL L/HR 5. 5 3. 75 8. 0 1. 0 FUEL/HR/1000/CC 8. 73 4. 69 4. 44 5. 0 SPH 6. 0 9. 87 12. 5 30 HP/1000 CC 52. 40 9. 87 12. 5 30 CO2 E G/KM 116 145 186 21 KMPL 20 16 12. 5 11T. KMPL 12 12. 8 25 66 MPG 47. 3 37. 8 29. 6 26. 0 FARE $/HR 11 6 10 11 FUEL $/HR 5. 5 3. 75 8 1. 0 NET $/HR 5. 5 2. 25 2. 0 1. 0 NET $/YR 19,800 13,500 7,200 36,000 COST $ 2500 5500 10,000 2,400 CAR OWNERSHIP PER 1000 PEOPLE COUNTRY PASSENGERS CARS/ 1000 POPULATION TOTAL VEHICLES/ 1000 POPULATION GNI / CAPITA (GROSS NATIONAL INCOME) INDIA 8 12 620 CHINA 10 15 1,500 SRI LANKA 13 42 1,010 THAILAND 35 276 2,490 KOREA 218 302 14,000 MALAYSIA 225 272 4,520 JAPAN 441 586 37,050 UNITED KINGDOM 451 510 33,630 UNITES STATES 465 808 41,440 RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch methodology deals with the confused methods of research. The purpose of the research methodological analysis is to describe the research procedure used in the research. Research Methodology helps in carrying out the project report in by analyzing the various research findings collected through the data collection methods. TOTAL NUMBER OF VEHICLES (INDIA) TABLE 1 shows the progress report of number of vehicles from 1951 2008, shown on x-axis, where as number of vehicles shown on y-axis. add of vehicles in car maturationd due(p) to demand and supply of cars with potential scope in INDIA.GROWTH OF MOTOR VEHICLES (INDIA) TABLE 2 Two Wheelers Two wheel vehicles are the supreme mode of private road transport in INDIA. They account for more than three quarters of the total registered vehicle population and have exhibited the highest average annual developing rate 14. 5% between 1980 and 2007. Car, Jeeps and Taxis taken together have grown at an average annual growth rate of 9. 5% during this period, whereas the population of registered buses has incr eased at an average annual growth rate of 7. 5% over the same period. % OF PEOPLE WHO ARE AWARE OF TATA NANOTABLE 3 The % of people who are aware of the TATAS new product NANO car is shown with the help of pie map. Here, blue color indicates that people are aware of TATA NANO and red color indicates the % of people who are not aware of TATA NANO. While analyzing this chart, we can know that only 3% of the total sample population is not aware about TATA NANO. This shows the great effect of media, newspaper publisher and launching of this product. PREFERENCES OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUP REGARDING BUYING OF NANO TABLE 4 This chart shows the preference of different age group to buy TATA NANO when it is launched.On X-axis, number of respondents is given where as on Y-axis the age group is given. savory bar indicates willness to purchase TATA NANO. Red bar indicates that the respondent is not willing to purchase it and green indicates that the respondent is not sure. While analyzing this chart, we can see that the young generation is eager to buy the product. While due to some misunderstanding about TATA NANO, the older generation doesnt desire to buy it or are not sure about it. TATA NANO A PEOPLES CAR TABLE 5 In this chart, number of respondents is given on the y-axis and some features are given on x-axis.By analyzing the chart, we can say that people consider the cost factor the most for TATA NANO followed by the innovation. Even looks has got quite positive reply. TATA NANO is a product that is developed dead at minimum cost without sacrificing the quality. DOMESTIC MARKET SHARE TABLE 6 In this pie chart diagram, it shows that INDIA has a big potential in auto industry. 77% shows two wheeler, 14% passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles & 4% three wheelers. TATA NANO decided to capture two-wheeler market. BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE TATA MOTORSTABLE 7 This chart represents how the stock market fluctuate with the ups & downs of TATA NANO Company. The chart is f rom 2007-08 which shows how BSE increase with an increase in TATA NANO. AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION TABLE 8 This chart shows that how automobile production is increasing any year. correspond to this chart, it shows from 2001 to 2007, where every year automobile production is increasing in all sectors such as Passenger Cars Multi-utility vehicles Commercial Vehicles Two Vehicles & deuce-ace Vehicles. AUTOMOBILE EXPORT TABLE 9 This chart shows that how automobile exports is increasing every year.According to this chart, it shows from 2001 to 2007, where every year automobile export is increasing in all sectors such as Passenger Cars Multi-utility vehicles Commercial Vehicles Two Vehicles & Three Vehicles. SEGMENTATION VARIABLE USED GEOGRAPHIC RURAL & URBAN demographic FAMILY SIZE & INCOME BEHAVIRAL BENEFIR & USER STATUS TARGET MARKET EXECUTIVE TWO WHEELER SEGMENT, SECOND HAND CAR USER, AUTO RICKSHAW MARKET, affectionateness & LOWER INCOME GROUP PEOPLE POSITIONING TATA INTENDING TO PLA CE IN THE straits OF THE CONSUMERS AS A PEOPLES CAR STARTEGIC OPTIONS UNDIFFERENTIATED MARKETING IDENTIFICATION OF KEY ISSUESSUGGESTIONS TATA should increase the production of NANO so that customers dont have to wait much for their car, as they feel urgency for NANO. As people believes that NANO is peoples car and will be low-cost by common man which was a dream earlier for them. So the price should be kept stable in future with the increase in price of raw material. Otherwise it will be out of their reach and people believe in MR. RATAN TATAS narrative of PROMISE IS A PROMISE. TATA should give exchange offer against a two or four wheeler so that those consumers can be easily converted to NANO users.Safety measures can be enhanced because people consider it as their prime concern while purchasing. An option for customization should be available. ANALYSIS OF TATA NANO This project on marketing research was a study experience and brought me close to NANO and provided us depth know ledge through focus group and survey. Focus group ended up with innovative findings, which helped us in going further on the research. But time in between the focus group was leading to group discussion. IMPACT OF TATA NANO ON LIFE OF COMMON MAN In INDIA every one can afford a NANO, just as we buy any electronic appliances for a home uses.Decrease in price of second hand car. High traffic on roads due to sale of exceeds car on roads. Increase in loan on car installments. And finally TATA NANO is definitely better than Maruti 800. TATA has succeeded in value engineering of the product and its great success for TATAS. Its something on which INDIA can feel proud of. NANO has been developed effectively. PORTERS 5 FORCES MODEL OF NANO CAR There is go along interest in the study of the forces that impact on an organization, particularly those that can be harnessed to provide competitive advantage.The ideas and models which emerged during the period from 1979 to the mid mid-eighties wer e based on the idea that competitive advantage came from the ability to earn a return on investment that was better than the average for the industry sector. As Porters 5 Forces analysis deals with factors outside an industry that enamour the nature of competition within it, the forces inside the industry (microenvironment) that influence the way in which firms compete, and so the industrys likely positiveness is conducted in Porters five forces model. BARRIERS TO ENTRY Time and cost of entry. Knowledge and Technology.Product Differentiation and Cost Advantage. Government Policy and expect Retaliation. Access to Distribution Channels. Economies of scale. Barriers. BUYERS Number of customers or Volume of Sales. Buying Volume. Differentiation. charge Elasticity. Incentives. Brand Identity or Brand Image. Switching Costs. SUPPLIERS Number of Suppliers. Size of Suppliers. Switching Costs. Unique service or product. Ability to Substitute. SUBSTITUTES Substitute accomplishment Cost of Switching Buyer willingness Price Brand COMPETITVE RIVALRY Number of Competitors. Exit Barriers. Niche Product Quality. Differentiation.Switching Costs. Industry Concentration. Diversity of Competitors. Price Competition. CONCLUSION FUTURE OF TATA NANO Emerging markets are a fertile fuze for innovation. The challenge of reaching dispersed, low income consumers in emerging markets often spurs probatory innovation. As customers gain more power, they will demand more tailor and value added service to meet their needs. Companies that innovate on this dimension are likely to be richly rewarded. World is getting tougher day by day being unique is a competitive advantage. An expectation to TATA NANO has turn up this.After 100 years to Henry Ford, TATA has proved him again not only he came out of the expectations but also came out with a platform for INDIAN Auto Sector. My opinion after the study of various aspects I found that TATA NANO is definitely not for a)Someone looking for b etter accomplishment b)Someone who is looking to impress c)Someone who want to speed trial on sunlight d)Someone who is looking for long drives TATA NANO is definitely for a)Someone who is looking to buy a car but cannot afford much price. b)A student who want to go to college, culture instead of bike. c)Someone who depends on second hand car. )For a house wife who can buy a car with her own savings. e)Someone who depends on scooter. So NANO is not a basically a luxury cars but it can fulfilled the all capacity for middle class people. In this report, I would like to conclude that TATA NANO report was a challenging project for me. I have tried my level best to provide secondary data before the due date of my project. I also believe that more information could be collected and if collected more, it can be useful for the next assignment. I believe that the information or data collected are relevant and correct and could be useful for someone else also.

Small-Scale Fish Farming in Bangladesh

minor(ip)-scale tip market-gardening in Bangladesh Introduction For many a(prenominal) another(prenominal) a(prenominal) a(prenominal) sight in Bangladesh humble lean body politic is an fundamental opportunity to gene regulate income and is a material bread and butteral source providing protein-rich food for thought exclusively stratum round. It comp uprisings of a freewheel of options that so-and-so be adapted to suit the needs and capacity of people living in rural Bangladesh. The two approaches commonly implemented on a bantam scale ar Local consortium search farming Open body of pee system system look for farming in lakes, rivers, dams and reservoirs The pull ahead to low-income sodbusters is that they ar suitable to invest in angle cultivation when in that respect is sufficient income, which leave alone then be able to generate additive income and food when other sources of income atomic number 18 limited. Much of Bangladesh is flooded annua lly during the monsoon term as water supply flows into the country through the Ganga (Ganges), Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers. This appropriates an extensive range of habitats for tearing and cultivated angle species. search catches ar tallest afterward the monsoon rains when supplies of other foods, such as rice, be low. With so lots water, tiping plays a vital percentage in the economy of rural villages. search farming options Capital intensive One of the of import trends in search culture over upstart years has been towards capital-intensive, high-input high-yield systems, which fecal matter dramatically improve the rate of production if operated in ideal conditions. The development of practical hatching techniques has vastly improved fish cultivation and allowed c argonful breeding and selection of desired species to take place.Although these techniques were introduced to Bangladesh al some years ago, it has taken time for them to become established. Commerciall y produced fish switch become a operative proportion of the total fish supply. simply intensive cultivation methods increase the cost of fish production beyond the r each(prenominal) of poorer farmers. Consequently, alternative low-cost approaches have been promoted by NGOs working in the country. weight farming for the poorAn enormous variety of water bodies, including rivers, irrigation canals, flood plains, beels ( double depressions), ox bow lakes and consortiums are dispersed through divulge Bangladesh offering considerable potence for fish cultivation, still a general lack of capital, access to resources and friendship subject matter that many farmers are unable to provide all the commercialised inputs required for intensive production methods. An alternative low-cost approach is more than appropriate for many people, relying on existing water bodies and natural plant and sign of the zodiac waste, supplemented with animal protein in the form of snails and homemade supplements for fish feed.Many NGOs are adopting strategies to inform the inherent essayiness of fish culture by undertaking research into low-input systems, low-cost technology, fast growing species and alternative counselling practices. consortium culture Site selection is an important factor in the achievement of a fish farm but the ideal site is commonly non available to poorer families. Site location testament be open on a number of factors The fish species being raised. Soil musical note, which affects water quality and productivity. An adequate supply of water. Land ownership. Marketplace and market conditions. lean food and other inputs available to the farmer. Groups beside to water. More than 1 grand water retention capacity for at least 6 months of the year. defilement free. Ideally, the fishpond should be 0. 5 to 1. 0 metres at the shallow end and slanting to 1. 5 to 2 . 0 metres at the drain end. Drain vales, featherbed boards or tilt-over standp ipes should be hold ind into the design. It should be likely to drain the pond within three days. The edges of the pond should have a slope of 21 or 31 on all sides.If possible the pond should be located to take advantage of the effect of the point on the surface of the pond to mix the water although locations that are excessively impractical can cause erosion of dykes. If the site is very windy the long side of the pond should be at right angles to the customary wind. Hedges and trees can be used to protect the pond. In practice, existing ponds and pools are abundant in Bangladesh, often located near to farmers homes. Small-scale fish cultivation is mainly a secondary occupation for farmers. These ponds tend to be footling (less than 0. 5 acres) and do not have any water drain facility. They are commonly referred to as fishponds but are in fact borrow pits, where earth has been removed for building. Fish breading is just angiotensin-converting enzyme of the activities that the ponds are used for. Other uses may include domestic water use, washing, irrigation or duck keeping. Ponds are occasionally integrated into paddy palm as additional ditches. Consequently, the ponds have many limitations for producing fish. In managing the ponds at that place are many potential problems to be considered, including Broken pond banks get wind the pond walls on a regular basis. An irregular water supply, too much water in the monsoon season and too modest in the summer. Predators check the pond for signs of snake and rat holes. The Boal fish is a particular imperil that eats venialer fish. Grazing animals can damage the pond banks and should be kept out of the way. Silting or a build up of innate matter check the bottom of the pond and scoop silt out when required. Mud on the bottom of the ponds can be agitated with a rope to release harmful gasses. Leakage check the inlet and waiver on a regular basis. Fish diseases check the fish on a regular basis. P oor water quality lime can be added to improve the water quality. Open water fish farming Open water fish farming is particularly suited to Bangladesh with its many water sources. hencoops or pens are used to separate an area of larger water bodies for fish cultivation. The selected water source should be of good quality with low turbidity. Dams and reservoirs primarily exist to store water but as a secondary function these bodies of water can be stocked with with fingerlings or fry and the fish can be harvested later on apply plunders.In river locations a slow current is necessary and there should be little disturbance from water traffic. The disadvantages are Fish farmers have little control of the water, as they do not own the dam or reservoir. pee cannot be drained, as the main function of the resource is to provide water. There are likely to be more predators of the fish in the water. It is not possible to feed or fertilize the water, as occurs in more intensive fish f arming, so there is a creed on naturally occurring fish food. There is a potential try from disease but stock held in small-scale coops scattered approximately villages will probably be less vulnerable than stock held in more concentrated and centralized commercial systems. The risk from theft and malicious mischief is a serious problem in some places. This is especially unfeigned for the poorest people who are perceived as easy victims. A significant expansion of cage in culture activities in some villages could lead to overstepical anesthetic depletion of snail or other foods, to the detriment of ducks and other domestic and incorrect animals. Multiple ownership of ponds can be a major drawback to the telling use of such resources.Consensus over access to the water for the poor has to be developed. Figure 2 Bilkish Begum and Hamida Begum working with fish cages (Photo acknowledgement Practical doing / Zul) Fish cages Cages are used as a form of farming in their own right within flowing or large bodies of water and can also be used in small pond fish culture to protect fingerlings in the initial stages of development. Small cages with a capacity of star cubic metre are qualified for fingerling protection. The cage can hold up to 300 fish at a time. People grow fish in their local ponds using a simple fish cage known locally as a hapa.A few untried fish are put into each hapa, which acts as their home, rudderless just below the surface of the pond. Cage twirl Cages can be made using a few two-a-penny materials. Bamboo poles form an outer frame that is covered in net intimate is a nursery section for the younger, more delicate fish and floats are added at the corners. A cage is a very simple means of restraining fish in iodin place and it can be advantageously made using local materials. Cage design mustiness incorporate certain physical properties, including the ability to hold fish securely but also to be within the financial means of the cage operators.The cages straightway used are small in size, measuring between 1 and 2m3, inexpensive and simple to piss. Farmers use both arrive ated and floating cages. In general, fixed cages are installed in water where the depth is comparatively low and bamboo poles can be fixed into the riverbed or substrate. Floating cages do not have this limitation and can be used in deep water. Floating cages tend to be easier to manage but when selecting the fictitious character and design the following points should be considered Ability Input availability subjective disaster Type of water body piddle depth Water current Water retention period over wholeness year Social problem Cage management Fixed cages Fixed cages are very easy to construct and only require a small amount of capital investment. The materials needed to make fixed cages are netting with an 8mm network size, bamboo, rope, twine and sinker. Routine management is difficult for these cages and storms, strong currents, tidal scends and flooding may cause damage if precautionary measures are not taken. Fixed cages are difficult to move from one place to another(prenominal) during water fluctuation.A top cover is usually provided on cages to reduce the risk of fish escaping, especially in areas prone to flash floods where water levels rise very quickly. A small opening is kept at one edge or in the middle of the top covering for nourishment purposes. A nutrition platform made of ok mesh is situated on the bottom of each cage to minimise food loss. To fix the cage, iv bamboo poles are fixed in the substrate and the four top and bottom corners of the cage are tied to the bamboo poles with nylon rope, allowing the cage netting to stretch.To minimise installation cost and to reduce daily management poke, cages are sometimes fixed in rows with a narrow space between the adjacent cages. Floating cages The size of the cage is usually 1m3. A top net is always used to minimise escape es because the cage is only a few centimetres above the water surface. The top of the cage is on hinges that can be opened to allow feeding, the checking of fish, the remotion of waste and produce. A layer of fine mesh net is placed along the bottom of the cage and 10 centimetres up each side which reduces food loss.However, where water has a high turbidity, the use of fine mesh is not recommended as it clogs up the mesh and causes structural stress on the cage frame. In these areas, feeding trays should be used instead of fine mesh. Buoyancy is achieved by using four plastic floats (buoys) which are tied to the four horizontal frames, approximately 10 centimetres from the top of the cage. Bamboo frame cage To make a 1m3 bamboo cage, twelve one metre long bamboo sticks (about 2cm in diameter) are required and fixed into the holes of the angles, one angle for each corner, giving a cuff shape. Advantages and disadvantages of fixed and floating cages Fixed cages Floating cages Ad vantages approach per unit is small Water loudness remains constant even with a fluctuation in the water Not damaged by storms level Easy age management Cage can be installed in deep water Cage bags outspread properly in the water Floating cage with box type frame gives adequate space inside Easy to construct In tidal water bodies the effective cage depth is great Disadvantages Water depth inside cage varies with the fluctuation of the water Cost per unit is higher than fixed cages level Algae deposits on cage net affect the water exchange Vulnerable to tidal surge and storm Cage management i. e. cleaning, moving and sampling are not easy Cage cannot be installed in all types of water bodies payable to water flow sometimes the cage bag does not spread properly Prone to crab cutting Easy to steal fish by lifting the cage Poorer fish growth and higher mortality rate During flooding may wash away Cage managementCare of cages cleaning of aquatic weeds nearby, remov al of water hyacinth, cleaning of waste feeds from cages, cleaning of deposited silts from cage, removal of dead fishes, checking cage frames, floats, ties, anchors, feeding trays etc. , cage shifting, considering the water level, checking water pollution and haveing. Care of net Algae attachment should be cleaned at regular basis to ensure water exchange, net holes must be checked properly and need quick repairing when necessary. Care of fish lucrativeness depends on proper attention to the fish growth, regular, adequate and quality feeding is important. Fish health and disease should be monitored during feeding and sampling.The fish must be fed daily using aquatic weed or a mixture of rice bran, oil cakes, kitchen waste, chopped snails or affright dung. Minimising risk of cage culture Appropriate cage design can help minimise failure. The use of more than one cage per household greatly reduces the risk of an individual losing all fish. Placing many cages together in cluste rs also reduces the risk of poaching. Individual farmers can form groups that can guard the fish and therefore considerably reduce potential poaching threats. Fish types Fish is an important part of the aliment for the people in Bangladesh providing protein calcium, oleaginous acids and vitamins.Traditionally, a variety of local species were used in ponds, mainly carp, caught from the sick as spawn (fertilised eggs or small fish). One of the main drawbacks of this source of supply is that along with the desired fish species come many undesirable ones Most of the species currently used in the cages in Bangladesh are exotics. However, for decades these fish have bred naturally and distributed themselves throughout the flood plains and the delta. Common fish types The selection a suitable fish species will depend on various biological and economic factors, such as Market harm Growth rate Ability to reproduce simple culture of young fish Match of fish and available fish feed Wa ter temperature is an important criteria in assessing which fish species is suitable. The main types of cultivated fish are Carp, Tilapia and Catfish. Other fish suitable to cultivation are eel, tawes, mullet, snakeskin, and rohu. several(prenominal) fish are more suitable to pond conditions than others, some fish will not adapt the confined conditions while others such as the endemic Koi (Anabas testidunous) have been found to thrive in cages. Small indigenous species In addition to the main cultivated species there are many indigenous breeds of fish that play an important role in the nutrition of the population.These fish are classed as small indigenous species although not all fish within this classification are particularly small. Of the 260 species of fresh water fish found locally, over 140 species are classified as Small Indigenous Species (SIS) and account for over 80% of the total catch, consumed by the poorer section, as preferred species. The term SIS would seem to be a recent re interpretation of the Bangla word chotmach (literally small fish) as strange to Boromach (literally large fish). Common fish within the small indigenous species crime syndicate include Figure 3 Bilkish with prepared food for her fish (Photo credit Practical action / Zul) Small catfish Knifefishes Snakeheads Needlefishes Minnows, Rasboras, and bards Loaches Anchovies and sardines Spiny eels Climbing rod cell Gobies Mud Perches Glassfishes Fresh water prawns Small, low-value fish are particularly important for the extremely poor after the rice harvest when the demand for their labour declines. Feeding the fish With the non-intensive approach it is possible to feed fish on nothing more than scraps and waste, duck weed, oil cake, kitchen waste, rice bran and snails which will provide all the nutrition required. Some low-cost feeds are bought in by the households, typically rice bran and oilcake, but these costs are minimal.Occasionally, the diet may be supplem ented with commercially available compound feeds. In most cases a mixture of diets is offered, according to their availability and needs of the fish. Fish pull together and marketing Growth is rapid in the warm climate of Bangladesh and the fish attain marketable size within 3-9 months, providing farmers with a rapid decrease on their investment and labour. Fingerling production culture cycle is between 1 and 2 months. Cage nursery producers can sell fingerlings to the pond farmers and ox-bow lake operators. Fish for food culture cycle is between 4 and 6 months. Fish food producers consume the cage fish as well as selling them in the market.Figure 4 A group of landless women discussing finance in Madaripur (Photo credit Practical Action / Neil Cooper) Profitability depends on many factors including the type of water body and culture, cage construction materials, the choice of fish species, fingerling size and price, stocking density, feed price, availability of protein rich feed, culture duration, cage management, harvesting and marketing. Another concern relates to economies of scale. Almost all enterprises are subject to economies of scale, and cage culture is no exception. The labour of looking after one small cage is far greater per kilogram of product than that for looking after a large one.The cost of the cage per kilogram of production will also be higher for a small cage versus a large cage. However, co-operative use of labour can be used to attend economies of scale in relation to labour, and this is already done in many villages. The third concern, related to the second, is comparative advantage. A significant proportion of the fish is intended to be sold for cash rather than consumed by the farmer and his family. In the medium term, an important question is whether small-scale producers in villages are well placed to compete either with larger commercial producers, or producers from elsewhere. If they are not, and if competition increases, then prices and returns will steadily decline.In practice there is strong local demand for fish throughout the country, and small-scale producers are well placed to serve widely-dispersed rural markets. Secondly, the use of surplus off-season and/or family labour is itself a comparative advantage. Thirdly, in those systems which use local food resources, such as natural foods and kitchen wastes, feed costs are relatively low compared with those for commercial producers. Small-scale fish producers should therefore be able to survive competition in much the same way as village-scale poultry producers have survived, and even to some extent benefit from the change magnitude number of intensive poultry operations. References and further reading Small-scale fresh water Fish Farming by van Ear et al.Agromisa 1996 Cage and publish Fish Farming Carrying Capacity Models and Environmental Impact FAO Fisheries Technicla Paper 225, 1984 Food, Livelihoods and fresh water Ecology The Significan ce of Small Indigenous Fish Species, ITDG Bangladesh, 1999 For further information, enthral contact Practical Action The Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development Bourton-on-Dunsmore Warwickshire CV23 9QZ fall in Kingdom Tel + 44 (0)1926 634400 Fax + 44 (0)1926 634401 E-mail emailprotected org. uk Website www. practicalaction. org Practical Action Bangladesh G. P. O. Box 3881 Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Tel + 880 (0)2 8111934, 9110060, 9123671 Fax + 880 (0)2 8113134 E-mail emailprotected org. bd

Communication Case Essay

Ethics Case 4-7 Income Statement Presentation of Unusual passRequirementThe Cranor Corporation suffered $10 zillion in expenses linked to a product back away. The company had endured product recalls in the past and they still go past in the business. To show revenue from go on operations, Jim Dietz, the obtainler, wishes to describe the $10 million as an unique loss, instead of an expense let ind in operate income. He states to the CEO that the company has never had a product recall of this size and that the partnership fixed the design flaw and improved persona control. The drawback is, in order for Jim to categorize the loss as an extraordinary item, he must view that the losses in the companys fiscal statements be unprecedented and unusual. He must also presume this answer is not promising to encounter again in the future profitability. (Spiceland, Sepe, & Nelson, 2013, p. 188) The diary of accountancy states that extraordinary items are gains and losses that ar e material, and result from events that are both unusual and infrequent. (Extraordinary Items Share Exclusive Company , 2013) These criteria must be considered in light of the environment in which the entity operates. There obviously is a considerable degree of subjectivity involved in the determination. The concepts of unusual and infrequent require judgment. In making these judgments, an accountant should keep in take care the overall objective of the income statement. The key question is how the event relates to a squiffys future profitability. If it is judged that the event, because of its unusual nature and infrequency of occurrence, is not likely to occur again, separate reporting as an extraordinary item is warranted.The ethical dilemma faced by Jim Dietz and the companys chief executive director officer is that it appears from the facts of the case that it would be difficult for the company to come to the goal that a material product recall is not likely to occur again in the foreseeable future. This type of event has occurred before and is earthy in the industry. While a subjective judgment, extraordinary treatment of the $10 million does not appear warranted. Is the obligation of Jim and the CEO to maximize income from continuing operations, the companys position on the stock market and forethought bonuses stronger than their obligation to fairly present account statement information to the users of financial statements? If they judge to go with Jims suggestion, it would be tawdry to the shareholders and creditors about the lost suffered. The misrepresenting of the stakeholders and bullion market would be sinful and display wickedness, while if the corporation is transparent with the market and shareholders it will demonstrate moral values and show that the corporation is working in the trump interest of the investors by not misleading them when it comes to losses. In Exodus 231-2 it speaks about bearing a fake report.The new-fashioned internationalist Version states Do not spread chimerical reports. Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness. Do not follow the company in doing wrong. With Jim and the CEO being in a management position, they are required to perform many activities in running the entity in the best interest of stakeholders. Their duties include leading and directing an entity, including making important decisions concerning the acquisition, deployment and control of human financial, physical and intangible resources. They are supposed to take the rushing for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance to the explanation policies. (Handbook of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, 2013)I think the Cranor Company should include the loss in their net income and continue with the product recall. Including the loss in their net income will show honesty to its stakeholders. They may not welcome a bonus, but it is better for them to be hon est than risk the consequences of prevarication about the loss. Leviticus 1911 says, Do not steal. Do not lie. Do not deceive one another. (The Quest Study Bible, New International Version, 1994) By seeing the scripture we can detect how this relates to accounting ethics. Leviticus 1911 explains that that we are not to steal, and ultimately mislead others. When we bloke this verse to this ethical dilemma it would describe Jim Dietz and the company chief executive officer of deceiving the stock market into thinking that the loss was truly an extraordinary item on income statement when in reality, they are misleading them to spring up a bonus.ReferencesThe Quest Study Bible, New International Version. (1994). Grand Rapids Zondervan create House. Extraordinary Items Share Exclusive Company . (2013, September 3). Retrieved from Journal of Accountancy http//www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2007/May/ExtraordinaryItemsShareExclusiveCompany.htm Handbook of the Code of Ethics for Prof essional Accountants. (2013). New York International Federation of Accountants. Spiceland, D., Sepe, J., & Nelson, M. (2013). Intermediate Accounting (7th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Crucible Essay

Even after doing those things the harassers still decease up at fault for whatever happened to them, but despite on the whole that, they were able to regain their lost integrity. In Millers play it can be seen that characters were given the opportunity to w hat was right which they used, however it was non an easy for them to make the decisive on of telling the truth. An example of this is when buttocks Proctor refuses to sign his cite on an affiliation. The reason Proctor refuses to do so is because he values his reputation and more than whatsoeverthing he wants to go for his good divulge. Because it is my name Because cannot have another in my life Because I lie and sign myself to lies Because I am not worth the clay on t he feet of them that hang How may live with come out my name? I have given you my soul leave my name. (Act 4 pageboy 143. ) In this quote it is seen that Proctor is trying hard to keep his name clean, and while doing so he does not care slightly what the proximo consequences would be. Simi Larry Reverend drive has citizens who look up to him which places him as a high authority. Pray you, someone take these (Act 1 page 36. hither it is showed that Hale possesses p rower over the tizzies and that he is not concerned rough the others in town. However tow awards the end both characters lose whatever reason they had which causes them to be true to 20th errs and tell the truth and understand back their lost integrity. When the time came Proctor realized he en deed to redeem himself. A man may think deity sleeps, but God sees everything, know it no w. I beg you, sir, I beg you see her what she is She thinks to dance with me on my wifes grave And well she might, for I thought of her lightly.God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But it is a whores vengeance (Act 3 page 110. ) Here Proctor finally admits y o performing adultery and admits to his then(prenominal) erroneousnesss, even though it has cosseted him his life e. Also Hale does the same, he admits to his mistakes and comes out with whatever truth was aft to be told. Let you not mistake your duty as I mistook my own. (Act 4 page 132. ) Hale after a long time finally admits that he misused his power and he regains his lost integrity while e trying to keep open the lives of innocent people.Also throughout the play it can be seen that there is reposition between character s whether it be the character changing themselves or helping other characters change. A good example of this would be from the commence of the play, when it is seen that Proctor is did slowly to his wife Elizabeth. Baby, I may think of you softly from time to time. But will cut off my hand onwards Ill ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of mind. We never touched, Baby (A CT 1 page 23). This here shows that Proctor is unfaithful to his wife and that he is also trying to erase the past and keep the truth about his adultery in the dark.In contrast while Proc tor w s unfaithful, Hale was being move by wrongdoings. Why is it all simple. I come to do the devils work. I come to counsel Christians they should belie themselves. on that point is blood on my result. Can you see the blood on my head (Act 4 page 131). Here Hale is showing that he has been motivated by the devil to do wrong things. He here believes that he is doing the devils w ark. Never the less even after displaying such dread(a) traits both characters managed to chi anger themselves and again earn back any lost integrity.

Marriage vs. cohabitation

Marriage is the foundation of family formation in about contemporary societies. It is a contract emplacement that is binding and licitly recognised. Cohabitation on the other hand, mimics the structure of a jointure with the providedion of legal impediments. In some countries common law births argon recognized, complete with the legal ramifications in the event of dis etymon. However, some societies be hesitant to accord due actualisation for cohabitation arrangements for fear that it would undermine the institution of marriage.Studies ConductedIn many favorable researches conducted on relationships, it was found that more bitstocks are resorting to cohabitation arrangements in recent years. In the joined States, an increase from 10 percent to 56 percent was noted favoring cohabitation oer marriage. The statistics compared was between 1974 and 1994. (The verdict on Cohabitation vs. marriage, 2001) There are many reasons why couples opt for cohabitation arrangements over ma rriage. First, it is easier to enter into and dissolve. Second, it proposes a more liberated tone-beginning to the partnership. It is perceived to endorse a freer lifestyle. (Ambert, 2005, p6) Third, couples cohabiting are not pressured to stay together. Finally, cohabitation is undertake for economic reasons.ComparisonComparing marriage and cohabitation, the question of commitment is close to malleable in cohabitation. Although the social structure of both appeared to be the same, it is in the philosophical approach where they differ. The freer lifestyle of cohabitation arrangements raises the questions of fidelity on both partners. The couple is less secure compared to married couples. Exclusivity in this case is missing in cohabitation arrangements.Legality of MarriageMarriage as a legally recognized institution is a binding contract. Once entered into, the couple is expected to assemble obligations such as financial, child-rearing responsibilities, commitment to care for eac h other in sickness or in health, till death do us part. Marriage has a sense of permanency compared to the transient reputation of cohabitation. In case a marriage is dissolved, appropriate legal measures are applied. The wife can demand from the husband legally for child set up and indemnity when the law finds it appropriate. temporary hookup marriage and cohabitation are generally accepted in society, many would still favor that the relationship be legally recognized. In more conservative societies, cohabitation is an aberration and couples are pressured into legalizing the union. Marriage involves testis ceremonies and social recognition while cohabitation does not.Consequences of CohabitationIn the aspect of dissolution of unions, cohabiting couples are more likely to separate than married couples. In the event cohabitation progresses into a marriage, the dissolution of the union is attributed to the permissive nature of cohabitation. The same attitude is carried into the le galized relationship thus insecurity, commitment and fidelity affects the relationship. Cohabiting couples favor divorce a solution to marital conflicts when compared to married couples.Economic IssuesEconomically, married couples are better false compared to non-married ones. The nature of marriage unifies the financial resources of the couple while for cohabiting couple liberty is still expected. Financial spending and planning decisions in married couples are combined efforts while that provision is missing in cohabiting couples.ConclusionIn essence, both married and cohabiting couples follow the same social structure except cohabitation does not carry the legal impediments of a marriage. Social acceptability of cohabitation clay mixed as conservative societies still frown on the arrangement for moral and legal grounds. Most would still encourage cohabiting couples to legalize their relationship.While autonomous and liberal philosophies accentuate cohabitation arrangements, th ey are not enough to foil dissolution and solve problems that are outcomes of the arrangement. The legally binding nature of marriage deters couples from ending the union because of selfish and whimsical motives. The legal recognition ensures that the social foundation of family remains intact.References Ambert, A. (2005). Cohabitation and marriage How are they related? The Vanier Institute of the Family. Retrieved 30 May 2007The verdict on Cohabitation vs. marriage (2001) Retrieved 30 May 2007 colligate essay My Ideal Wife

Role of Women in the American Revolution

Role of Women in the the Statesn Revolution The situation of women play in any given war is quite oftentimes severely underestimated. This sentiment especially goes for the the Statesn Revolutionary state of war, where women actually played an absolutely essential role in our victory against the British. Not alone where there different types of women who had helped, but there were many different shipway each of them helpedparticularly as defys to help save lives and tend to wound soldiers. Without women helping in the war, we would have most certainly lost ( guinea pig biography tuition Clearinghouse).One way that women helped out in the war was that they went directly to the descentby dressing up as men and going to flake in the depend lines, women (e. g. Deborah Samson) were able to help America emerge prideful ( masses of the Revolution). Some women fought in a more cunning manner, by keeping house back home and tending to their conserves businesses while they were at war (Zitek). They boycotted British products by participating in the Homespun Movement, where they wove their own clothing rather than wearing British-imported dresses, which served as a major act of bold defiance.Other women even acted as spies (e. g. Lydia Darragh in 1777, who eavesdropped on quartered British soldiers and relayed their plans of attack to the American patriots) during the war, helping the patriots win. (www. revolutionary-war. net). distinct types of women also participated in the Revolutionary War. Patriotic women boycotted against British products, helped care for their economizes property on the home front, and had even spied on British soldiers (www. revolutionary-war. net).However, loyalist women also played a role in counteracting these efforts. Loyalists as well as patriots acted as spies (e. g. Ann Bates, Miss Jenny) and in habitual posed as an obstacle for the patriotic women (Buesche). As for Native-Americans, Native-American women supported the B ritish, as they knew that a patriotic win would result in further westward expansion and further destruction of their homes. African-American women were pushed into the work constrict as blacks in general were recognized as a powerful labor-intensive force (Zitek).In addition to all the roles patriotic women played in helping America emerge victorious, one of the biggest methods was nursing. Battle nurses were organized into army ranks, the highest rank having been matron. Their compulsion was so that the ratio for wounded soldiers to nurses was 101. Even George Washington himself had represent female nurses indispensablehe demanded they be present to help nurse soldiers back to health on and off the battlefield (National History culture Clearinghouse). Overall, women were an integral and vital part of the Revolutionary War.While few fought on the front lines, others helped in more subtle ways that showed rebellion and helped edge the the States towards long-awaited victory. Men thought women were incapable of understanding the intricacies of war and were proven wrong(p) time and time again. Whether through spying, healing, or fighting, without women, Britain most certainly wouldve overpowered America in the Revolutionary War. Citations Buesche, John. Spy in a Petticoat. Teaching History. National History Organization Clearinghouse, n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. Buesche) National History Education Clearinghouse, Browse tech for teachers. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (National History Education Clearinghouse) People of the revolution, P.. Voices of the American Revolution. Deborah Sampson. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (People of the Revolution) Revolutionary War Spies. www. revolutionary-war. net. Rose Creek Village, 2010. Web. 24 May 2012. . (www. revolutionary-war. net) Zitek, C.. Women in the American Revolution. . N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 May 2012. . (Zitek)