How to Deal with Difficult People

I work at JC Penney's and I hear griping all the time from other associates and definitely from customers. Even I gripe about how work does not get finished. My job is to bring out merchandise from the stockroom so I can hang them up on racks. Every morning after I clock in we have to get our bags so we can put our money in the registers. Right as I leave to get my cart from the stockroom a customer always has a return. It never fails that someone has to return. This customer wanted to return a pair of jeans without a receipt or tags. It is hard to explain to a customer our policy if she doesn't want to listen. I told her the policy was that if she wanted to return something she would have to have a receipt or the tags. She wanted me to call management since she knew someone that worked there. I call the operator and ask to see if there were any managers available. The operator told me that there was no one available until noon. I knew after I hung up the customer would not be happy. The irritation arose when the customer said, â€Å"Well I don't have until noon I want my money now! † After telling her again that no one was available she was just standing there with her arms crossed wanting her money back. After a few minutes I finally decided to tell her that she can exchange it for the same thing she had. You aren't supposed to do that but that was the only thing I could think of right then. That idea had worked. I could finally get her off my back and get on with my work. She went to get another pair of jeans. She wasn't happy with what she got but we both apologized for the mess and that was it. I finally made it to the stock room to get my cart. Most of the clothes I put out needs to have a security ink tag on the sleeve. The people who work in the stock room are supposed to hang and put one on each article of clothing. I can not take anything out of the stock room until they are hung right and ink tagged. I went over to the associate and asked her why they haven't been ink tagged. She gave me a nasty look and said that I could do it. That part takes up to much time so I can't get my work finished. I told the lady I wasn't going to take out the cart until it was done right. There were about eight people working in the stockroom at the same time so you would figure the cart would be finished. Another lady decided to quit what she was doing to complete the job. While I was back out on the floor arranging for the clothes to all fit on the racks she brings the cart out to me instead of me having to go back there and get it for myself. She told me that the other girl that didn't do the tagging wasn't feeling to well and wanted to get out of there as soon as possible so that was why she didn't do it. I told her that I was mad or anything I just wanted to get this cart out so I could get another cart. The phone rang as I was getting ready to put shorts out and it was my manager. She told me over the phone that if they don't have time to do something in the back that you should be able to finish the job on your own. I told her that it wasn't our job to ink tag the clothes. Even the people in the back were told from management that they had to do it. I didn't even have any ink tags to do it anyway. She told me that it was ok and I went on with my work. Later in the evening when my work was just about complete I was ringing up a customer and this lady stormed up to the register with an New World Order wrestling shirt. The shirt was from the Children's Department and I work in the Men's Department clear on the other side of the store. I asked her if she needed any help. She started complaining about how these shirts are a disgrace to our children and shouldn't be sold in stores. Waiting to check out about she was preaching to me and the other customers of how it will influence children to fight and get hurt. As I was just standing there I could feel the heat arise in my body because I didn't know what to tell her. I just told her that this is the in-thing and it is a big seller for kids. She snapped back at me wanting to speak to a manager. I called management and they came right away. The customer started going on and on to her about the same thing and the manager told her she was sorry how this clothing has an effect on her and should not buy it if she doesn't like it. We are not the only store that sells this article of clothing. The manager offered her a ten-dollar gift certificate but the customer refused saying she will never shop here again. She simply threw the shirt on the counter and everyone in line was staring at me. The next person in line said that I shouldn't have to put up with people like that. That lady was rude to cut in line to argue about some clothes. I was talking to her how there were stores all over the world selling wrestling shirts. The griping customer saw that I was busy so she came to interrupt my work. I just forgot about what happened and went back to doing my work. Gripers today are found every-where you go. If you want to quit griping just try to keep whatever you want to gripe about to yourself and then there won't be any problems or arguments.

Aboriginal Culture

The Indigenous aboriginal people are one of a kind they mostly reside in Australia both the mainland and the Island Tasmania. The Aboriginals were indigenous to the continent and has resided there since the late sass's. There are over 400 different tribes wealth the Aboriginal culture and they all have deferent dialects, and languages. Communication amongst the Aboriginal people is much different they use terms such as full blood or half caste meaning not of the same biological parents.Mainly they use terms within their specific tribe so that outsiders are not able to butt in on personal business. Terms like â€Å"Aborigine†, and â€Å"Aborigines† are of offense and are terms used in connection to harsh times of enslavement. It is disrespectful to mention a deceased person's name for up to two weeks after death following their cultural guidelines. Time orientation is not of great importance in Aboriginal culture as it is in Western civilization.The Aboriginal people use the position of the sun and he closeness of the season to tell time weather. Personal space is not of great importance either. Men usually address men and then are either invited or ask to address the woman. Social roles are very Important as the Aboriginals lead by elders, Elders lead the community and If Ill the entire village will participate In caring for the elder whether personal related or not. When entering a room it is respectful to address the elder first and then males and lastly females.Religion is based upon little God's. The Aboriginals believe that everything in life is made from the earth such as serpents used to create pathways for the people. Health beliefs are looked upon as any ill person is sick by sin. Their belief is that a person who has a disease is being punished by a God for some kind of sin committed. Health practices are preferred to be done holistically. Due to the fact that they believe everything is from the earth they also believe that the cure shal l come from the earth.Health Issues such as cardiovascular diseases, mental health, diabetes, cancers, and Injuries are mall health concerns within their culture. The dietary preferences for the Aboriginals are not of Importance because they are very poor and almost all foods come from the grubs and bushes. Foods like berries, fish. Nuts, and wild game are main course meals. Both the mainland and the island Tasmania. The Aboriginals were indigenous to the tribes within the Aboriginal culture and they all have different dialects, and address the woman.Social roles are very important as the Aboriginals lead by elders, Elders lead the community and if ill the entire village will participate in caring the earth they also believe that the cure shall come from the earth. Health issues such as cardiovascular diseases, mental health, diabetes, cancers, and injuries are main health concerns within their culture. The dietary preferences for the Aboriginals are not of importance because they a re very poor and almost all foods come from the grubs and bushes.

Analysis of the Research of Professor Zachary Holman Essay

Analysis of the Research of Professor Zachary Holman - Essay Example Subsequently, the research conducted by Zachary Holman addresses the vital uses of nanoparticles in electronic devices and solar devices. Consequently, the research highlights the properties exhibited by the nanoparticle and the effect that each property has in regard to the functioning of the nanoparticles. Zachary Holman in his research tries to answer the scientific question of whether it is viable to produce inexpensive power using the full spectrum of sunlight as the source of the energy production. The viability of the energy production by the sunlight rays is at any time of day. Moreover, the research paper by Zachary Holman attempts to answer the scientific question of the possibility of the nanoparticles in the solar energy to produce sustainable power enough for human consumption. The nanoparticle produces energy using the properties that already exist within the micro-nanoparticles. In his research project concerning Solar Concentrating Photovoltaic Mirrors, Zachary Holman discusses the optics technology. The optics technology entails the use of products and materials such as the curved mirrors and lenses. The reason for conducting the project is to discover means of concentrating sunlight over a smaller surface area of photovoltaic cells in order to generate power. The heat skins product, which has a relationship with the research that Zachary Holman is undertaking, helps keep the solar cells cool. The technological design of the photovoltaic concentrators is also relatable to the research that Zachary Holman is currently conducting.  

Global Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Operations Management - Essay Example Additionally, this discussion is going to weigh the demerits of various supply chains of the beverage company and the necessary solutions. Furthermore, the paper discusses the importance of quality management and measurement while considering the significance of enterprise processing planning system. Background Coca Cola Company was founded in 1892 and is Beverage Corporation that deals in manufacturing, retailing and marketing of its non-alcoholic products globally (Pendergrast, 2000). These products include Coke, Dasani Nutriwater, Bacardi and Minute Maid among others. Similarly, the company provides its numerous products totaling over 500 brands in over 200 nations with servings exceeding 1.7 billion. Additionally, Coca Cola Company with an employee base of about 139, 600 spread in various parts of the world accrues revenue amounting to $11.809 annually. Besides doing business, this global corporation participates in charity ventures as a gesture of its corporate missions. For ins tance, it offers scholarships to students in America to acquire quality education and become better citizens. Furthermore, the company participates in environmental awareness programs by planting trees and offering support in the reduction HIV/AIDS menace, in Africa. Components The beverage company has six major components that are involved in its supply’s chain. ... In addition, they use Demand Management, which involves balancing the needs of clients in terms of the strength of the supply chain. Alternatively, there is the Return Management tackles the field of returns, gate keeping and reverse logistics among others of the supply chain. Furthermore, there is the Manufacturing Flow Management that assists Coca Cola in evaluating its activities that are paramount in exercising supply flexibility. There is also Customer Service Management (CSM) that works on solving problems that can affect customers directly. Potential Problems and Solutions There are various potential problems that are related to the above components of Coca Cola’s supply chain. For instance, unexpected demands from customers may affect the effectiveness of CRM. Therefore, the company should make their missions and values clear to clients. Additionally, in (SRM), the reduction of stock because of inadequate capital may cause supply problems. This means the company always has sufficient capital to re-stock (Lambert, 2008). On the other hand, in Demand Management, the problem lies constant customer complains because of limited supply. In this case, the company should increase its distribution channels to satisfy its customers. Alternatively, in Return Management, ineffective reports about returns and logistics may cause an imbalance in correct assessment. Therefore, it is imperative for the company to conduct a thorough analysis of its reports. Similarly, in Manufacturing Flow Management, the challenge lies in causing supply inflexibility and the solution is to employ more staff to carry out the supply. Finally, in (CSM), the challenge is when the company fails to attend to all complaints of customers, and

Third Cinema (address one of the following questions) Essay

Third Cinema (address one of the following questions) - Essay Example Cinema has been divided into three categories, first, second and third cinema. Theses terms had their birth at the Bandung Conference of 1955, the first conference of the Non-Aligned Movement. China propagated the theory of the three distinct worlds. The first world i.e. the advanced capitalist countries included Western Europe, North America and Australasia; the second world i.e. the previous socialist countries of Eastern Europe and Soviet Union. The remaining countries were thus the third world, to which China stated its commitment. (1) First Cinema refers the model identified as the Hollywood movie. Also known as commercial or popular cinema, it corresponds to an ideology which the particular relationship between film and spectator is superfluous, where cinema is conceived as pure entertainment. Aim of this cinema is to maximize profits. This kind of film is made for display in large theatres, with a standardized duration either feature-length or blockbuster. All types of films come under this category even scientific documentary is susceptible to the aspirations of big money. Second Cinema is also known as art or parallel cinema. Parallel cinema has its own structures, patterns of distribution and exhibition, and its own ideologies. Art has become a cinema made by and for the limited social groups. It expresses the aspirations of the middle layers, the petty bourgeoisie and consequently is often revolutionary but pessimist and sometimes mystical. Like first cinema all categories of films may be found in this category. There is a deliberate uncertainty in the term ‘Third Cinema’ which requires clarification. The term ‘Third Cinema’ is derived from the correspondence with the term ‘third world’, referring to the underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the dependent countries, third cinema is a cinema of de-colonization, which expresses the will to national liberation,

Week 6 Discussion Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 6 Discussion Questions - Assignment Example Lowering unemployment is key to improving the economy. 2. An increase in jobs alone will improve the economy somewhat. More jobs means more money in the pockets of consumers. Seeing that nearly 2/3 of all economic activity in the United States is driven by consumer purchases, this is good news. Other factors such a credit markets and government debt will affect the economy as well. These will need addressed as well as unemployment. 3. The current economic state is largely due to corrupt and unethical practices in the financial sector, specifically in home mortgage lending. Unethical lenders were profiting by lending money to individuals and families that they knew would never be able to repay. Housing starts skyrocketed because people were building homes they actually couldn’t afford. Everyone thought they could just sell their homes at some point in the near future and pay them off. The problem is the shady lending practices were exposed, the credit default swaps all came due and there wasn’t enough money to go around to pay everyone affected. The current state of the housing market is the result of these unwise

Separation of Ownership and control, and agency costs Assignment

Separation of Ownership and control, and agency costs - Assignment Example The management team is responsible for running the business and taking decisions as and when required but have almost negligible claim on profitability. In such organisations, separation of ownership and control is clearly visible. Many authors have described this relationship, between the shareholders and the management of the firm, as ‘pure agency relationship’. This concept will be further discussed in the essay with the help of ‘agency theory’. The concept of separating ownership and control was aimed to assist the firms to achieve the sole motto of profit maximisation. This concept held the view that organisations should strike a balance between profit maximisation and development of society, which is corporate governance. In the later section, different theories associated with separation of ownership and control will be analysed to determine the cost of agencies. The concept of separation of ownership and control was first introduced by Berle and Means in the year 1932. The agency theory explains that the owner (shareholders) of the firm is the principal and the one who take the responsibility of running and managing the business (management) is the agent. Both the principal and the agent think of their personal gains. The Principal tries to design the governance system for maximising his utility. In the same way, the agent tries to manage the firm for fulfilling his utility. If utility of both principal and the agent coincides, they both enjoy increment in their individual utility. However, often the utility of the agent differs from that of the principal, and the agent tries to maximise his utility at expense of the principal. To minimise such incidences, principal needs to introduce internal control, which results in an extra cost. Thus, the concept of separation in ownership and control is related to agency cost. For minimising the cost, the agency theory introduced different governance to be followed by the company. Often companies

Historical and Cultural Perspectives of Luxury, with example of Luxury Essay

Historical and Cultural Perspectives of Luxury, with example of Luxury phenomenn in Russia - Essay Example The standard meaning of essential necessities will incorporate nourishment, abiding, and apparel. Needs, dissimilar to needs, are goal or widespread. Needs, dissimilar to needs, are deliberate. Uneven longings are voracious. (Friedman.V., 2012) Why an endeavor to look upon luxury from a recorded viewpoint? Firstly, by investigating how distinctive social orders in diverse times of our history managed luxury, we can get closer to what it truly remains for and its associations with different ideas, for example, riches, power, et cetera. Besides, an in-profundity recorded point of view will additionally furnish us with important bits of knowledge into majority rules system, patriotism, social amicability, human qualities, and relationship to God, and different parts of the human social and financial life. Thirdly, such an undertaking will call attention to the way that all around history, very nearly all endeavors to control individuals penchant to luxury neglected to do along these lines, which demonstrates to us obviously that such confinements today are well on the way to fall flat too. All around the historical backdrop of humankind luxury has been a steady component in the lives of people and in the works of savants, writers, legislators, economists. Luxury has been nearly inspected in perspective of providing for it a legitimate definition, discovering its implications and attributes, its roots, reasons and outcomes. Yet none of the numerous endeavors to do so can brag an exhaustive investigation of this matter. In its development in time, luxury has been both commended and censured, there were times when its indications were empowered or despite what might be expected disheartened. A certain vicinity of luxury in the human soul dated as once again as the third thousand years BC. At the same time for such a variety of hundreds of years it has been connected with the idea of riches, both being discerned as

Comparative analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Comparative analysis - Assignment Example Transcript analysis is a method that has the ability to overcome this problem. The method of analysis is important in that it also assists in identification of anticancer drugs. Cancer is a disease that has developed and spread among the human population over time. The problem has grown because with the advent of technology there has come various new activities and products that have a high cancer causing effect. The issue has spread so wide that the pharmaceutical world has also had problems. In the manufacture of various drugs that enable people to resist cancer-causing effects, some of them end up obtaining cancer. Transcript analysis is a method that is used to identify effective pills with well laid out formulas that ensure effective protection from these cancer-causing cells (Maslin, 2007). Rather than assisting in the identification and analysis of some of these chemicals, the ATP binding cassette is imperative in that it helps in the process of transportation. The major difference between ATP and transcript analysis is that point and despite the varying in responsibilities, the two are very important in the microbiology field. ATP is imperative in that it assists in the transport of some of the necessary products in a living thing from one section of its molecular structure to another where it is required to ensure optimum performance of the organism. It is imperative to understand that despite the varying responsibilities carried out by these two agents, there are points at which they become common. One of these points is with regard to metabolic engineering. Metabolic engineering is the aspect through which scientists use transcript analysis of the various plants to identify their genetic structure for the greater understanding of biology and for imperative research. It is critical to know that this method is also used in ATP. Initially, it was difficult for scientists to come

Marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing strategy - Essay Example f the intangibility of its products and the fact that financial risk is significantly reduced with the expanding market and the increasing database of customers. The intangibility of the insurance products and the volumes of premiums have significant impact on the performance outcome of insurance companies. They are major issues that require innovative ideas and creative inputs to promote strategies that would be able to attract and retain customers. Indeed, the scholars assert that the financial services are characterized by intangibility; heterogeneity; inseparability; perishability; and high labor intensity (Zeithaml and Bitner 2000). The marketing of insurance products therefore becomes dependent on the way the new idea is projected to the people and information is disseminated amongst the prospects. Insurance products are mainly sold through agents. They also heavily rely on the external factors like trust in the protection provided and the goodwill of the agents through which the insurance products are sold. The intangibility of the products makes it difficult to judge its quality until it can be experienced and therefore, the marketing strategies need to rely on factors like credibility of the company, price, promotion, segmentation etc. The perishability of service makes it difficult to make forecast. Indeed, the fact that the quality and delivery of the services are closely linked to the human aspects makes it much harder for the insurance firms to convince their targets. Hence the creativity of ideas and dissemination tools become major facilitators of effective market strategy. The leading insurance companies Lloyds, Norwich Union etc. increasingly deploy new strategies like competitive premium, innovative products and differentiation in the product so new customers can b e attracted. While a sales process primarily involves five major steps to commence sales, it is imperative they must be accompanied by clear understanding of behavioural pattern of

Transportation City of Boston Essay Example for Free

Transportation City of Boston Essay Internet practices in the year 2000 were the elements that brought new challenges to the field of logistics. People started to expect more from the customer service field and from the quality and value that corporations provided. With these high expectations, the importance of transportation and logistics became a way to make firms more competitive by understanding their customers’ needs and the additional value that they are looking for. At this time, logistics continued to develop elements such as electronic-businesses; globalization; business alliances; and technological advancements. Technology is a logistical core competence with increasing importance, especially for the service providers. Most companies nowadays conduct their businesses through the internet. They use different Internet applications including websites for marketing purposes, tracking and tracing tools, information gathering, procurement, order entry and credit management. With the use of technology, companies even have the possibility of automating the logistics system; â€Å"a customer’s order can be generated automatically, transmitted via electronic data interchange (EDI) to a supplier’s computer, which then directs the required amount of the needed product be pulled automatically from the warehouse and shipped to the customer† (Gourdin, 2001, p.13). Furthermore, Gourdin (p.14) states that technology makes processes â€Å"without human intervention and with virtually no waiting time.† In addition, Internet and electronic-commerce are also important factors in developing the logistics system. The Internet has quickly become the easiest method for supplying information for both companies and customers. It has also become the choice of transmission device for exchanging forecasts, orders, inventory status, products updates and shipment information. Logistics is an important element in the field of electronic-commerce because firms have to reassess their logistics systems to make sure that their clients can get their products in an expeditious manner. Globalization, on the other hand, has also hastened the growth of logistics, especially in the areas of national, political and economic settings. Global operations need information technology integration to route orders and manage inventory requirements around the world and will need alliances that are essential in international commerce. This is also essential in providing market access and expertise to reduce the inherent risks of global operations associated with distance, demand, diversity, and documentation of international commerce. What role did transportation play in the economic development of the United States? Is this role of transportation still important today? The role that transportation played in the economic development of the United States economy was immense. The transportation revolution in the first decade of the 19th century halted the western isolation, during the period wherein United States experienced an economic growth known as â€Å"Era of Good Feelings†. During the 1800s, natural waterways were the only trade route for the Americans. After a century and with years of development, railroads and tracks were established. In the late 1920s, regional airlines opened and began regular operations for scheduled passenger flights. By the dawn of 1960s, the introduction of transportation through containers changed the way freights were traveled towards different countries and around the globe. Improvements and innovations in the transportation system developed through the years. Having a good transportation system meant economic and social opportunities for the people and such opportunities are later transmitted to benefits that are reflected in the economy. Transportation is a very visible element of logistics. The economy is largely dependent on the state of transportation in every nation. As such, without a reliable system of transportation, most commercial activities could not function. In the United States alone, more than 60 percent of total logistic cost is related to transportation services. Efficient transportation systems render economic and social opportunities that could benefit the society and give people the opportunity to penetrate into larger markets and also save time and costs. Mobility and the development of a good system of transportation have already created numerous opportunities to the people in the United States that were later translated to economic benefits by generating employment and boosting the national income. The transportation sector alone provided jobs for about 7.5 percent of the American workforce. With the development of the country’s infrastructure, the transportation system and its services must also be supported and maintained. For example, the federal government, through the taxes paid by the people, must allot funds to build and maintain railroad tracks, roads, bridges and highways. The transportation system in the United States has indeed developed over the years. People are now equipped with a number of alternatives of transportation methods to choose from that they find the most effective in terms of their necessities. However, even with these developments, people have not yet stopped on devising new transportation methods that will better cater the needs of the people in the future. Technology plays an important role in the transportation system. People rely on technology in order to enhance the efficiency of the existing transportation system. References Ballou, D. H. (1999). Business Logistics/Supply Chain Management. New Jersey: Pearson Education. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B. (2007). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York: McGraw Hill International. Coyle, J. J., Bardi, E. J., Novack, R. A. (2005). Transportation. Ohio: Thomson South-Western. Gourdin, K. N. (2001). Global Logistics Management. Boston: Blackwell Publishing. Williams, A. ( 2001). The Role of Logistics in Internet Commerce. Retrieved August 08, 2008, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3766/is_200110/ai_n8958764/pg_1?tag=artBody;col1

The film ‘Migrante’ Essay Example for Free

The film ‘Migrante’ Essay The scenes leading to Frida’s departure to Israel is all too familiar since many Filipinos, including me, have relatives working abroad. But it is an entirely new experience when viewing it from a different perspective. One could almost sense the pain that characters were feeling as Frida’s departure neared, most especially when the children were begging desperately for their mother not to leave was one of the scenes that struck me. If they had a choice, who would want to go out of this country to work? Knowing our Filipino culture for strong family ties, no one would. If there is anything that makes ‘Migrante’ stand out from other OFW films is the fact that they spent a significant amount of time showing what pushed Frida, like other Filipinos, to work abroad. Many Filipinos leave the country in the hope that working abroad could help them uplift their living conditions, be able to send loved ones to a good school, buy medicines for family members who are sick and secure a decent future, especially for the children, only to end up as a victim of maltreatment. Another highlight of the film is how other OFWs, who, too, have their own problems, are willing to lend a helping hand to their fellow Filipinos in dire need. As portrayed in ‘Migrante’, government agencies abroad were hardly of help to the unsung heroes of the country. Those who played the role as members of the real-life migrant rights group Migrante International expressed their reservations on how their fellow Filipinos landed in a much worse fate when embassy o fficials intervened, or the lack thereof, in their respective cases. The film is another gripping portrayal of the continuing poor working conditions of overseas Filipino workers. It was a film on one individual’s life. But now, (in this film) you will see the bigger problem. It also focuses on how groups few non-government organization are helping OFWs in other countries. There is accumulating number of cases of OFWs being maltreated. The number of reported incidents have increased tremendously that people think that it is just an ordinary case. It projects the many faces of being an overseas Filipino worker. The fates of the OFWs in the film were intertwined by the tragic incident that has befallen Frida and her family. This film is one of the most effective ways to educate the people about what we are going through. This is not just a lecture. The film would be of big help in the migrants’ rights advocacy. It is very timely because the labor export policy is being intensified. It reflects what Filipinos are going through abroad becaus e the story did not just focus on one family. As the film concluded, a question is sure to linger in one’s mind: What is there to do to stop this cycle?

Assessment of Cadmium levels in Chocolate

Assessment of Cadmium levels in Chocolate Research Proposal Assessment of Cadmium levels in chocolate commercialized in Lebanon Josiane Haddad 1- Background and significance Cadmium (Cd) as an element is a soft silver-white transition metal. It is not usually present in the environment as a pure metal, but is most often present in the form of oxides, sulfides, and carbonates. It does not have a taste or odor. Cadmium sulfate and cadmium chloride are quite soluble in water, whereas metal Cd, cadmium oxide and cadmium sulfide are almost insoluble (International Program on Chemical safety [IPCS], 2007). Cd is released from several sources in nature: mobilization of Cd from the Earths crust and mantle due to volcanic activity, mobilization of Cd impurities in extracted raw materials such as phosphate minerals and fossil fuels, release of Cd from products and processes resulting from the use, disposal, recycling, open burning or incineration, releases from municipal installations and release of Cd previously deposited in soils, sediments, landfills and waste or tailings piles (United Nations Environment Program [UNEP], 2010). It is a toxic metal to humans and classified as a carcinogen by the National Toxicology Program (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [ATSDR], 2004]. In the human body, Cd is mainly stored in the liver and kidneys. Hence, an early effect indicator of Cd toxicity is increased excretion of proteins in urine, kidney proteinuria, which is the result of proximal tubular cell damage. Several other side effects occur depending on the duration and magnitude of exposure. Skeletal damage is another critical effect of chronic Cd exposure at high levels. Cd concentrations in most tissues increase with age since excretion is normally slow, and the biological half-life is very long (10 to 15 years) (Jin T., Lu J. Nordberg M., 1998) in the muscles, kidneys, liver and whole body. In exposed people with renal damage, urinary excretion of Cd increases and so the whole body half-life is shortened. The kidney burden resulting from cumulative exposure to Cd can be assessed by measuring Cd in urine (UNEP, 2010). Epidemiological and experimental studies have associated occupational Cd exposure with several types of cancers including lung, prostate, renal, liver, hematopoietic system, urinary bladder, pancreatic, testis and stomach cancers (Journal of Inorganic biochemistry, 2000; Joseph P. et al., 2001). Exposure to this toxic metal also severely affects the function of the nervous system (L’opez E. et al., 2003; Cao Y. et al., 2009), with symptoms including headache and vertigo, olfactory dysfunction, Parkinson-like symptoms, slowing of vasomotor functioning, peripheral neuropathy, decreased equilibrium, decreased ability to concentrate and learning disabilities (Cao Y. et al., 2009; Phil R.O. Parkes M., 1977). Presence of Cd was also detected in hair and higher concentrations of hair Cd were reported in children with mental retardation (Marlowe M., Errera J. Jacobs J., 1983) and learning difficulties or dyslexia (Phil R.O. Parkes M., 1977; Capel I. et al., 1981). There are several sources of human exposure to Cd including employment in metal industries, production of certain batteries, some electroplating processes and consumption of tobacco products (International Agency for Research on Cancer [IARC], 1993). However, food accounts for approximately 90% of the Cd intake in the general, non-smoking population since this metal is found in the soil. The quantity absorbed by crops in different locations is influenced by factors such as soil pH, salinity, crop species and varieties and the presence of other elements (e.g., zinc). Less than 10% of the total exposure occurs due to inhalation of Cd in ambient air or ingestion with drinking water (UNEP, 2010). Since Cd is dangerous to humans, a provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) or provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) had to be established. PTWI is an estimate of the amount of the chemical that can be ingested weekly over a lifetime without appreciable health risk (Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] World Health Organization [WHO], 1988). The European Union recommends a PTWI of 2.5 ÃŽ ¼g/kg of body weight (European Union [EU], 2014). The PTMI for Cd recommended by the FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (ECFA) is 25 ÃŽ ¼g/kg of body weight (FAO WHO, 2014). In 2010, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) recommended that the acceptable daily intake level of 0.1 à °Ã‚ Ã…“†¡g kg−1 body weight per day for chronic exposure (Mead N., 2010). Studies in several European countries have demonstrated high levels of Cd in agricultural topsoil due to the use of Cd in fertilizers and atmospheric deposition. Over the last 100 years, the increase in soil Cd concentration in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland and the United Kingdom was estimated to be 7 to 43 percent (UNEP, 2010). Hence, the risk is in continuous increase and further investigation on the quality of the crops and food consumed has to be pursued. Out of the possible crops carrying Cd, cocoa, the seed of the Theobroma cacao tree (Watson R., Preedy V. Zibadi S., 2013; Lee F., 1983), is one of the most consumed by all age groups worldwide, especially by children. The large consumption of cocoa and chocolate products derived from cocoa is due to its pleasant flavor and the feeling of well-being that it gives (Watson R., Preedy V. Zibadi S., 2013). Several studies revealed the benefits of chocolate consumption due to the high levels of flavonoids and antioxidants present in cocoa based foods (Grivetti L. Shapiro H., 2009; Crozier S. al., 2011; Buitrago-Lopez A. et al., 2011). They are an important source of minerals such as Ca, P, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, K, and Mn (Grivetti L. Shapiro H., 2009; Peixoto R., Oliveira E. Cadore S., 2012; Pedro N., Oliveira E. Cadore S., 2006). In addition, they may prevent harmful effects caused by free radicals in the human body, contributing to the reduction of cardiovascular disease and cancer risk (Fernandez-Murga L. et al., 2011; Yao H., 2011). However, the presence of potentially toxic elements has also been reported (Rehman S. Husnain M., 2013; Yanus R. et al., 2014), particularly lead and Cd (Dahiya S. et al., 2005; Jalbani N. et al., 2009). Previous studies have been performed to test the presence of Cd in chocolate samples in several countries and the results revealed the presence of this heavy metal with a large margin of variation. In turkey 20-30 ppb were observed, in India 1 to 2730 ppb were reported, in Malaysia 280 to 420 ppb and in Pakistan 4.3 to 190 ppb were observed (Dahiya S. et al., 2005; da Silva A. et al., 2006; Dos Santos A. et al., 2005; Guldas M. et al., 2008; Lee P. and Low T., 1985; Leggli C.et al., 2011). In Oakland, California, the non-profit organization As You Sow (AYS) tested Cd levels in 42 products, 26 of which contained lead and/or Cd level above what the state of California considers safe. The organization sent legal notices in the context of holding more heavy metals than allowed under the Golden State’s Proposition 65 toxic chemical warning law to 16 manufacturers including Hershey’s, See’s, Mars, Godiva, Ghirardelli, Lindt, Green and Black’s, Kroger, Whole Food s, Trader Joe’s, Earth Circle Organics, Moonstruck, Theo, and Vosges (AYS, 2015; The Washington Post, 2015). In this study, given that some of the brands commercialized worldwide are found in Lebanon, cocoa and chocolate derivatives will be tested for their Cd content. Specific Aim Various brands of chocolate, whether local or imported brands, are largely consumed in Lebanon. The main ingredients in chocolate consist of cocoa, milk and fats, each of which is a potential source of Cd. No study has been conducted till now to assess the quantity of toxic metals present in the products on the market. Hence, a study to determine Cd levels is important for chocolate consumers and manufacturers. The aim of this study is to assess Cd levels in chocolate samples mostly consumed by the Lebanese population and compare those levels to the values issued by global health organizations. Research design and methods Sample collection Different brands of dark chocolate, milk chocolate and cocoa powder are collected from different stores according to the most sold brand. The shelf life of most milk chocolate samples is one year, and 2 years for dark chocolate. Samples will be labeled and stored at a temperature between 15 and 17à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C. Samples will be kept wrapped in foil and placed inside a Ziploc plastic bag so that they do not absorb the odors and moisture from the refrigerator (Subarmanian P., 1998). Microwave digestion In order to detect heavy metals in cocoa, the samples have to be digested since the matrices are organic. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), microwave digestion can be followed on chocolate samples where up to 0.5g are digested in 5mL of concentrated nitric acid and up to 2mL hydrogen peroxide (Onianwa P.C. et al. 1999; Mounicou S. et al., 2002), which can also be substituted by nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid (Gà ¼ldaÃ…Å ¸ M., Adnan F.D., Biricik F.B., 2008). The digestion is run in PTFE vessels at approximately 180 ±5à ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ °C for 15 minutes (Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 2004). The time and temperature are subject to variation in order to find the most convenient parameters for the samples tested. Wet digestion method can also be applied in the digestion of chocolate samples. The two methods are comparable in results (Jalbani N. et al., 2009). However, wet digestion requires a greater use of chemicals and causes a greater risk of contamination (Jalbani N. et al., 2009). As the samples will be used to assess both lead (Pb) and Cd, each sample is spiked with an internal standard of Pb and Cd prior to digestion (FDA, 2014). Obtained samples after digestion are reconstituted to 25mL with ultrapure distilled water in volumetric flasks then placed in vials and stored in the refrigerator (EPA, 2004; Jalbani N. et al., 2009). Atomic absorption analysis For quantitation, stock Cd and lead standard solutions of 1000mg/L each are diluted to different concentrations and a standard addition method is followed to prepare a calibration curve. Diluted Cd and lead stock standards with 1% nitric acid will be placed in nitric acid rinsed volumetric flask and stored in plastic bottles (Teflon ® FEP or HDPE bottles recommended). Both elements can be combined in the same solution (Food and Drug Administration [FDA], 2010). The heavy metal is detected by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS). Electrodeless discharge lamps for Cd and Pb are operated, alternatively. Cd will be detected at a wavelength of 228.8 nm (FDA, 2010). Pure argon (99.999%) is used as the purge and protective gas. Different chemical modifiers will be tried to find the most convenient one such as ammonium phosphate, magnesium nitrate, phosphoric acid or others. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis will be done in two different stages. First, the mean Cd concentration of each brand of chocolate will be calculated and proportion differences for independent samples will be tested by comparing the calculated mean values to the permitted ones by Global Health Organizations. If significant differences are observed, a second step of analysis will be performed in which the studied brands are subcategorized forming a contingency table. The differences can be identified by a χ ² test thus allowing the formation of an ANOVA study to check in depth for the differences within the categories and between them. Using these methods, the most diverging categories from the norm will be identified. Expected results This study will most likely reveal the presence of Cd in chocolate samples as it has been the case in other similar studies. Some samples might have values higher than the tolerable intake specified by global health organizations. Potential problems Cd is toxic at low doses (FAO WHO, 1988; Mead N., 2010; EU, 2014; FAO WHO, 2014) and may be found in low doses in some samples as shown in previous studies (Dahiya S. et al., 2005; da Silva A. et al., 2006; Dos Santos A. et al., 2005; Guldas M. et al., 2008; Lee P. and Low T., 1985; Leggli C. et al., 2011). Accordingly, the selection of an appropriate chemical modifier for AAS analysis is very important. Several trials will be attempted in order to select the optimal type. In addition, the order and receipt of chemicals will be time consuming. Time frame Completion of the proposed aim requires duration of 3 to 4 months in order to allow for the collection of samples, sample digestion, graphite furnace analysis, evaluation and statistical analysis of the results obtained.

Analysis of William Wordsworths Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tinte

Analysis of William Wordsworth's Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey William Wordsworth poem 'Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey'; was included as the last item in his Lyrical Ballads. The general meaning of the poem relates to his having lost the inspiration nature provided him in childhood. Nature seems to have made Wordsworth human.The significance of the abbey is Wordsworth's love of nature. Tintern Abbey representes a safe haven for Wordsworth that perhaps symbolizes a everlasting connection that man will share with it's surroundings. Wordsworth would also remember it for bringing out the part of him that makes him a 'A worshipper of Nature'; (Line 153). Five different situations are suggested in "Lines" each divided into separate sections. The first section details the landscape around the abbey, as Wordsworth remembers it from five years ago. The second section describes the five-year lapse between visits to the abbey, during which he has thought often of his experience there. The third section specifies Wordsworth's attempt to use nature to see inside his inner self. The fourth section shows Wordsworth exerting his efforts from the preceding stanza to the landscape, discovering and remembering the refined state of mind the abbey provided him with. In the final section, Wordsworth searches for a means by which he can carry the experiences with him and maintain himself and his love for nature. . In the first stanza, Wordsworth lets you know he is seeing the abbey for a second time by using phrases such as "again I hear," "again do I behold," and "again I see. He describes the natural landscape as unchanged and he describes it in descending order of importance beginning with with the 'lofty cliffs'; (Line 5) dominantly overlooking the abbey. After the cliffs comes the river, , then the forests, and hedgerows of the cottages that once surrounded the abbey but have since been abandoned. After the cottages, is the vagrant hermit who sits alone in his cave, perhaps symbolizing the effects being away from the abbey has had on Wordsworth. Wordsworth professes to "sensations sweet / Felt in the blood, and felt along the heart" (lines 28-29) which the memories of nature can inspire when he is lonely, just as the hermit is lonely. Wordsworth desires nature only because of his separateness, and the more isolated he feels the mor... ...ame more involved with human concerns. He has become more thoughtful and sees nature in the light of those thoughts. He has traded the boundless energy for maturity and the "still, sad music of humanity" (line 92). Wordsworth ends the poem with the fifth stanza, a farewell to the abbey and the inspiration it has given him. He realizes that there may come a time when he may no longer be able to inspire himself with life-changing situations, and that he will not be able to run back to Tintern Abbey to find himself again. He does what he can, though. He will also be able to rely on his sister, who shared these experiences with him and in whose voice "I catch the language of my former heart, and read my former pleasures in the shooting lights of thy wild eyes" (lines 117-120). Eventually even these may fail him, and in the closing lines of the poem he consoles himself that he and his sister will be able to look back fondly and at least remember their shared time together. Works Cited: Wordsworth, William. Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 6th ed. Vol. 2. M. H. Abrams Gen. ed. New York, London: Norton. 2 vols. 1993.

Pope Pius XII and the Jews Essay -- essays research papers

The twentieth century was marked by genocides on an monstrous scale. One of the most terrible was the Holocaust wrought by Nazi Germany, which killed an estimated six million European Jews and almost as many other victims. During this dark time, the Catholic Church was shepherded by Pope Pius XII, who proved himself an untiring foe of the Nazis, determined to save as many Jewish lives as he could. Yet today Pius XII gets almost no credit for his actions before or during the war. Anti-Catholic author Dave Hunt writes, "The Vatican had no excuse for its Nazi partnership or for its continued commendation of Hitler on the one hand and its thunderous silence regarding the Jewish question on the other hand. . . . [The popes] continued in the alliance with Hitler until the end of the war, reaping hundreds of millions of dollars in payments from the Nazi government to the Vatican."[1] Jack Chick, infamous for his anti-Catholic comic books, tells us in Smokescreens, "When World War II ended, the Vatican had egg all over its face. Pope Pius XII, after building the Nazi war machine, saw Hitler losing his battle against Russia, and he immediately jumped to the other side when he saw the handwriting on the wall. . . . Pope Pius XII should have stood before the judges in Nuremberg. His war crimes were worthy of death."[2] One is tempted simply to dismiss these accusations, so wildly out of touch with reality, as the deluded ravings of persons with no sense of historical truth. This would underestimate the power of such erroneous charges to influence people: Many take these writers at their word. Stepping out of the nightmare fantasyland of Hunt and Chick and back into sunlight of the real world, we discover that, not only was Pius XII no friend of the Nazis, but that his opposition to them began years before the War, before he was elected to the papacy, when he was still Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, the Vatican Secretary of State. On April 28, 1935, four years before the War even started, Pacelli gave a speech that aroused the attention of the world press. Speaking to an audience of 250,000 pilgrims in Lourdes, France, the future Pius XII stated that the Nazis "are in reality only miserable plagiarists who dress up old errors with new tinsel. It does not make any difference whether they flock to the banners of social revolution, whether ... ...Catholic Church protested against the Hitlerian onslaught on liberty. Up till then I had not been interested in the Church, but today I feel a great admiration for the Church, which alone has had the courage to struggle for spiritual truth and moral liberty."[23] ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- FOOTNOTES: [1] Dave Hunt, A Woman Rides the Beast (Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House, 1994), 284. [2] Jack Chick, Smokescreens (China, California: Chick Publications, 1983), 45. [3] Robert Graham, S.J., ed., Pius XII and the Holocaust (New Rochelle, New York: Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, 1988), 106. [4] Joseph Lichten, "A Question of Moral Judgement: Pius XII and the Jews," in Graham, 107. [5] Pinchas E. Lapide, Three Popes and the Jews (New York: Hawthorn, 1967), 118. [6] Ibid., 121. [7] Lichten, 107. [8] Graham, 18. [9] Ibid., 19. [10] Lichten, 30. [11] Ibid., 99. [12] Ibid., 120. [13] Ibid., 125. [14] Ibid., 126. [15] Lapide, 133. [16] Lichten, 127. [17] Graham, 62. [18] Lichten, 130. [19] American Jewish Yearbook 1944-1945, 233. [20] Lapide, 133. [21] Ibid., 215. [22] Ibid., 227-228. [23] Ibid., 251. Pope Pius XII and the Jews Essay -- essays research papers The twentieth century was marked by genocides on an monstrous scale. One of the most terrible was the Holocaust wrought by Nazi Germany, which killed an estimated six million European Jews and almost as many other victims. During this dark time, the Catholic Church was shepherded by Pope Pius XII, who proved himself an untiring foe of the Nazis, determined to save as many Jewish lives as he could. Yet today Pius XII gets almost no credit for his actions before or during the war. Anti-Catholic author Dave Hunt writes, "The Vatican had no excuse for its Nazi partnership or for its continued commendation of Hitler on the one hand and its thunderous silence regarding the Jewish question on the other hand. . . . [The popes] continued in the alliance with Hitler until the end of the war, reaping hundreds of millions of dollars in payments from the Nazi government to the Vatican."[1] Jack Chick, infamous for his anti-Catholic comic books, tells us in Smokescreens, "When World War II ended, the Vatican had egg all over its face. Pope Pius XII, after building the Nazi war machine, saw Hitler losing his battle against Russia, and he immediately jumped to the other side when he saw the handwriting on the wall. . . . Pope Pius XII should have stood before the judges in Nuremberg. His war crimes were worthy of death."[2] One is tempted simply to dismiss these accusations, so wildly out of touch with reality, as the deluded ravings of persons with no sense of historical truth. This would underestimate the power of such erroneous charges to influence people: Many take these writers at their word. Stepping out of the nightmare fantasyland of Hunt and Chick and back into sunlight of the real world, we discover that, not only was Pius XII no friend of the Nazis, but that his opposition to them began years before the War, before he was elected to the papacy, when he was still Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, the Vatican Secretary of State. On April 28, 1935, four years before the War even started, Pacelli gave a speech that aroused the attention of the world press. Speaking to an audience of 250,000 pilgrims in Lourdes, France, the future Pius XII stated that the Nazis "are in reality only miserable plagiarists who dress up old errors with new tinsel. It does not make any difference whether they flock to the banners of social revolution, whether ... ...Catholic Church protested against the Hitlerian onslaught on liberty. Up till then I had not been interested in the Church, but today I feel a great admiration for the Church, which alone has had the courage to struggle for spiritual truth and moral liberty."[23] ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- FOOTNOTES: [1] Dave Hunt, A Woman Rides the Beast (Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House, 1994), 284. [2] Jack Chick, Smokescreens (China, California: Chick Publications, 1983), 45. [3] Robert Graham, S.J., ed., Pius XII and the Holocaust (New Rochelle, New York: Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, 1988), 106. [4] Joseph Lichten, "A Question of Moral Judgement: Pius XII and the Jews," in Graham, 107. [5] Pinchas E. Lapide, Three Popes and the Jews (New York: Hawthorn, 1967), 118. [6] Ibid., 121. [7] Lichten, 107. [8] Graham, 18. [9] Ibid., 19. [10] Lichten, 30. [11] Ibid., 99. [12] Ibid., 120. [13] Ibid., 125. [14] Ibid., 126. [15] Lapide, 133. [16] Lichten, 127. [17] Graham, 62. [18] Lichten, 130. [19] American Jewish Yearbook 1944-1945, 233. [20] Lapide, 133. [21] Ibid., 215. [22] Ibid., 227-228. [23] Ibid., 251.

Functions of Management Essay examples -- Business Management Managing

Functions of Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is not easy to manage an organization. It takes more than just business sense to know what you are doing when it comes to management procedures. There are a few strategies that can ensure the success of a business organization, but before you can determine those strategies, you have to know the four functions. The functions of management discussed in this paper will be planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. This paper will also give examples of how I apply these functions of management in my own personal organization.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let me begin by stating, working for any company you begin to realize people are proud to work for companies that treat them well. They become connected to companies in more than an employer/employee relationship; they come to feel as if they are truly a part of an organization; not just one of the employees. Companies which are expanding to the global market will need even more to make all the positive contributions to ensure employees feel more than just workers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Management takes planning the first function of management. Planning is determining what you want to accomplish, working out ahead how it is to be done, deciding who will be responsible for each step, and having every phase written down. Good management applies the steps of good planning to each part of the organization. To achieve good planning results without any problems, goals and objectives should be set. From these dec...

Evaluating The BSC As A Performance Management Tool

AbstractionIn of all time altering concern landscape, the concerns face the intensified competition and see the outgrowth of more knowing and demanding clients in a free market epoch. Therefore mensurating organisational public presentation entirely on the footing of fiscal indexs will merely reflect the past public presentation but will supply really small penetration into long term sustainability and therefore considered to be unequal and deceptive. Balanced Scorecard ( BSC ) introduced by Kaplan and Nortan tried to intermix other facets in add-on to the so called fiscal indexs. Consequently, the BSC in add-on to fiscal position introduced cardinal public presentation indexs around three dimensions viz. client, internal concern procedures and larning & A ; growing. However, despite its well rounded and advanced design and broad acceptance in organisations the full potency of it is yet to be achieved chiefly due to evolvement of dimensions in today ‘s context beyond the four p ositions in its design and besides due to hapless execution. Therefore BSC should continually be refined taking into consideration the cardinal success factors which affects organisational public presentation while beef uping the execution.Introduction TO BALANCED SCORECARD ( BSC )Traditionally the fiscal indexs such as net net income, Return on Investments ( RoI ) , Earnings Per Share ( EPS ) , Price Earning ( P/E ) ratio and etc. , as an unwritten regulation, were considered as the basis on which the public presentation or the wellness of organisations was measured which in bend formed the footing on which the public presentation of members at all degrees of the organisations was measured. However, with the intensified competition and outgrowth of more knowing and demanding clients in a free market era the concern landscape underwent a paradigm displacement. Therefore mensurating organisational public presentation and in bend the public presentation of employees entirely on the fo oting of fiscal steps which efficaciously represent the lagging indexs of past public presentation and holding a small prognostic value was considered as inappropriate. In the sense the past consequences will non guarantee the hereafter public presentation, instead the long term sustainability of any organisation depends upon assorted other factors such as nucleus competences of people coupled with occupation satisfaction and citizenship, strength of client relationship, acquisition and invention, internal concern procedures, engineering, quality and etc. which in bend better topographic point the organisation to bask a sustainable competitory advantage. As a consequence, a public presentation measuring system which blends all the facets including so called fiscal indexs was considered as more appropriate since it would let organisations to mensurate yesteryear every bit good as to foretell how the hereafter would look like ( prognostic value ) . In this background, Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton in 1992 introduced the construct of â€Å" Balanced Scorecard ( BSC ) † with a set of steps which complements fiscal steps of past public presentation with drivers of future public presentation and thereby to hold a holistic, incorporate position of concern public presentation. Though the name was new, the construct was an development of assorted constructs introduced under figure of theories and constructs like Activity Based Management, Management By Objectives, Total Quality Management, Strategic Management, Delegation of Authority ( authorization ) , Decentralization of Decision-Making and etc. , but what is alone about BSC is that it combined the critical kernel of all these constructs and theories into an integrated measuring system of public presentation ( Ghosh S. & A ; Mukherjee S – 2006 ) . BSC is a strategic direction system ( non simply a public presentation measuring system ) and enables organisations to incorporate their strategies/visions around specific aims, ends and steps. Then those aims and ends along with the designed public presentation steps ( KPIs ) are shared and communicated across the organisation. Further, Targets are planned and set to aline with strategic enterprises. Consequently the BSC in add-on to Financial position ( traditional public presentation measuring index ) introduced cardinal public presentation indexs around three dimensions viz. client, internal concern procedures and larning & A ; growing and attempted to reply the undermentioned four cardinal inquiries. 1. How do clients see us? 2. What must we stand out at? 3. Can we go on to better and make value? 4. How do we look to stockholders? The rational put frontward on these four positions are knowledge & A ; accomplishments of employees is the foundation of all invention and betterments ( Learning & A ; Growth position ) , skilled and empowered employees will better the ways they work ( Internal Process position ) , improved work procedures will take to increased client satisfaction ( Customer position ) and eventually increased client satisfaction will take to better fiscal consequences ( Financial position ) ( Ghosh S. & A ; Mukherjee S.- 2006 ) Since the construct of BSC was foremost introduced in 1992, many organisations globally every bit good as locally adopted the BSC as their public presentation measuring tool due to its advanced attack and besides due to the fact that it has â€Å" balanced † the cardinal dimensions of public presentation straight associating with vision, mission and schemes. However, this does non propose that all organisations have achieved success and design of BSC is perfect but instead BSC exhibited good rounded attack to public presentation direction. However, we witness that universe has changed significantly since 1992 and this is non different when it comes to concern landscape. Therefore it is worthwhile to critically measure whether BSC still holds the all positions to better mensurate the organisational public presentation and what betterments can be made to it to mensurate current public presentation every bit good as to beef up its prognostic value.CRITICAL EVALUATION OF BSC AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF BSCThe apprehension of BSC and its implicit in doctrine has placed in a better place to critically measure BSC on its positive and negative facets in the current context. As discussed in the preceding subdivision, the BSC made a major discovery in mensurating public presentation beyond the traditional fiscal steps which chiefly focused on stockholder value creative activity. Puting excessively much trust on stockholders ‘ value creative activity will set force per unit area on direction to concentrate merely on short term consequences at the disbursal of long term growing and success. Further, unlike in the past today organisations are responsible for broad array of stakeholders internally and externally including stockholders. Furthermore stockholders are besides demanding an penetration into long term sustainability in add-on to short term consequences. As an illustration in the recent yesteryear we witnessed several corporate failures such as Golden Key, Enron ( USA ) , Sathyam Computers in India, Lehman Brothers ( USA ) and WorldCom ( USA ) and etc. , due to inordinate trust on fiscal indexs to mensurate public presentation. If I may farther lucubrate the former Chairman of Sathyam Computers informed all concerned parties via his missive dated 7 January 2009 that the Company misrepresented its financials to run into the analysts ‘ fiscal prognosiss and marks set. Furthermore, unlike the conventional public presentation measuring systems, the BSC clearly communicate the factors that drive public presentation and so ease the public presentation measuring procedure on the footing of drivers indentified under each of four positions. The application of BSC allows mensurating public presentation from a four broader positions and alining each step with vision, mission and schemes. This has helped organisations to strike a balance between both short term and long term concerns, fiscal and non fiscal concerns, and internal and external concerns. In add-on to its primary function as a public presentation measuring tool, the BSC besides has been instrumental in puting the foundation for a new strategic direction system enabling organisations to present new administration and renew procedures concentrating on scheme. BSC with clearly defined KPIs and measurement standards under each position allows direction to measure its strengths and failings and thereby it prompts them to place the root causes of dismaying signals to collar the state of affairss before they get aggravated. As an illustration if BSC indicates that there is an issue in the client service so the Company can turn to before clients shift to rivals. Besides it allows reacting to the challenges posed by competitory and of all time altering environment as organisations are dynamic and see a much broader image of the organisation and its environment. Further, the rating of concern public presentation with BSC system aid to instill forces subject and motive as in certain cases the employees and even direction do non cognize they are engage in and executing something inappropriate. As an illustration despite the betterments in gross ( fiscal position ) if clients are non happy ( client position ) so it would propose that the organisation should move on this and this besides would bespeak that the organisation performs below its full potency due to client issues.Despite the positive facets, the BSC besides suffers from major failings and could be discussed as below:First BSC seeking to break up the organisational public presentation measuring standards into four major positions but in the current context the organisational public presentation and long term sustainability are impacted by factors beyond what were originally introduced. These factors chiefly include the Corporate Social Responsibility ( CSR ) and environmental concerns . The construct of Triple Bottom Line ( TPL – Net income, People and Planet ) has gained impulse in the recent yesteryear which described that organisational public presentation should be measured in footings of a ) economic ( traditional ) B ) environmental and hundred ) societal positions. The construct of CSR ( societal facet ) in nutshell demands all entities to be socially responsible as a good corporate citizen and should lend towards run intoing society ‘s outlooks. The environmental facet concerns that the activities of the entity should be conducted in a manner that do non harm the environment in which the entity operates. Here the accent is that the mere accomplishments of economic marks with no due attention to other facets will unlikely to guarantee the long term sustainability and growing. As a consequence the focal point on environmental and CSR has been a cardinal portion of today strategic direction procedure but yet to be an built-in portion of BSC. Further, adding more fuel to this is the regular companies describing ( including one-year studies ) contain detail subdivisions about the part towards CSR and entities environment footmark. Further, the providers, rivals and regulators have besides non been portion of BSC but it can be argued that providers and ordinances could be portion of Internal Process position but in today ‘s concern environment, consciousness about providers and rivals ‘ actions are considered to be critical for endurance and hence mere inclusion within Internal Process position might non do the demand. Further, the impact of ordinances has been widened over the old ages and hence should be a cardinal index to mensurate public presentation. Another position is the ethical behaviour and adhering to core values of the organisation in accomplishing the aims. In this it is of import to measure how the aims are achieved without simply looking at how much was achieved. The above suggest that BSC should non be limited to its original positions which would hold been sufficient and appropriate given the environment prevailed at the clip of its debut but instead it should be a dynamic procedure whereby parametric quantities are continually refined ( non inactive but dynamic ) to run into the demands of the of all time altering environment and to better topographic point organisations to accomplish their schemes. However, adding more positions will ensue in BSC go more complex and will take to more steps being included ensuing in issues at execution. Another observation is that the positions in BSC may non be every bit applicable and hence may non portion equal weights or prominence for all organisations and even all divisions within an entity. The BSC should be driven by overall concern schemes and hence companies may be bias towards the dimensions in BSC that closely relate their strategic purpose. As an illustration the comparative importance of positions for an investing company and fabrication set up will be different. Further, a division like Research & A ; Development will hold really small fiscal accent other than pull offing within allocated budget bounds in contract the Finance & A ; Treasury Division. All the above suggest that the BSC should be broadened to include new dimensions but this exercising should to be done with a careful idea procedure otherwise BSC would be â€Å" bias † instead than â€Å" balanced † and finally go more complex. My recommendation to efficaciously manage this demand is to do increased specialisation and thereby to hold industry specific BSC formats and assign weights to different steps ( both fiscal and non-financial ) on the footing of their importance to the industry sector is concerned. The delegating equal weights to all positions are non practical and appropriate. Further, the organisations who have adopted BSC have been delegating weights in order of importance. Furthermore, with all these contentions the mechanization of balanced mark card should non be overlooked and for it to move as a uninterrupted monitoring tool and supply feedback, the organisations should ever seek to automatize the BSC. Another point I have noticed is inclusion of big figure of fiscal and non fiscal steps within BSC doing it really complex to supervise and give feedback on a regular basis ensuing in the organisations are happening it hard to acquire the full benefits. Therefore it is recommended that merely cardinal steps are considered which guarantee smooth execution. The mechanization suggested supra would assist in turn toing this concern. Apart from betterment points discussed above the undermentioned recommendations could besides be used to do the execution of BSC successful ( Zairi M. & A ; Jarrar Y – 2010 ) : An organization-wide acceptance of BSC, i.e. covering all cardinal organisational maps ; Use BSC to supply nonsubjective informations for concern determinations ; Ensure committedness, to and buy-in for, the BSC at all organisational degrees, peculiarly at the top ; More accent on preparation ; Align the wages and acknowledgment system straight with BSC ; and Facilitate execution by interrupting down organisational barriers which hampers its successful execution.DecisionDespite superior design and fullness concentrating on broad array of positions which have a direct bearing on current and future public presentation of organisations, the BSC is yet to accomplish its full potency due to issues related to its design and hapless execution. However, BSC still prevails as an influential and widely used and recognized model for measuring of public presentation. The most appropriate manner to travel frontward, to prolong BSC popularity and to acquire the best consequences, is to continually polish the BSC on the footing of critical success factors act uponing organisational public presentation. It is disputing to interpret the BSC with of all time altering concern demands but the hereafter of BSC depends upon how it changes itself to suit in the current expression. Further, the debut of specialised BSC formats based on the different sectors could besides be utile to hold a proper mix of public presentation steps under each position in order of importance. Last but non least the mechanization of BSC would assist to get the better of most of the issues associated with execution.Mentions AND BIBILIOGRAPHYArmstrong, M. ( 2008 ) , Performance Management: Key schemes and practical guidelines, ( 3rd ed. ) India: Kogan Page Ghosh S. & A ; Mukherjee S. Article on Measurement Of Corporate Performance Through Balanced Scorecard: An Overview in the Vidyasagar University Journal of Commerce Vol. 11, March 2006 hypertext transfer protocol: //histrategy.blogspot.com/2011/02/balanced-scorecard-tool-in-strategy.html retrieved on 04 May 2011 Letter issued by Ramalinga R. B. ( Former Chairman of Sathyam Computers Services Limited ) on 7 January 2009 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ecbpm.com/files/Performance % 20Management/Best % 20Practice % 20for % 20Implementing % 20the % 20Balanced % 20Scorecard.pdf retrieved on 13 May 2011 – Research Paper: RP-ECBPM/0027 by Zairi M. & A ; Jarrar Y. on Best Practices for Implementing the Balanced Scorecard ( 2010 )

Cyberbullying Essay

Many teens across the world be facing issues with cyber yobo. Not to a greater extentover be the teens universe affected only their families too. throng wonder what to do with this situation. With technology increasing, its making kids easier to bully atomic number 53(a) some other online and through many another(prenominal) different strains of technology. As cyber browbeat has become the number one type of hector, many lives be universe affected. Cyber browbeat is the use of the internet, cell phones, or other electronic communication devices to give harmful or embarrassing reading most(predicate) another(prenominal) person (cyber blustery 1). It groundwork also consent many forms including, repeatedly sending telecommunicates to commonwealth who encounter state they male p bentt want take with the sender. It includes sending threats, making internal remarks, using offensive language or labels, or posting humiliating photos or videos, as well as spre ading rumors or lies ab place the victim (cyber bully 1). Numerous reports of cyber bullying stick states questioning whether they should take military follow through or not. In todays society it is extremely soft to gag at the use of technology. Many teens and young adults discourse anger and other emotions toward one another through some type of media. As the number of cases rise, takes and states atomic number 18 draw offing more than and more laws to cling to the children and citizens of their community. Some people are arguing that we acceptt direct cyber bullying laws, that we already realize laws against bullying and that should be enough. Laws may be imperfect and enforcement may be toilsome and spotty, but thats better than energy. Id rather take anti-bullying laws that cling to kids 90% of the sequence and leave difficulties 10% of the time, than have no laws to stop cyber bullying and leave kids vulnerable 100% of the time (Leichtling, 2013, pg. 2). O ne reason that people dont speak out its necessary to develop a lawfor cyber bullyingis because linguistic process is constitutionally protected (Murphy 1). We, as citizens of the fall in States of America, have the right to freedom of speech. tho with the right to freedom of speech comes a price. A price we all have to live with, and thats the price of souls flavour. No depend what, on that point impart alship canal be that one person who has to be better than soul else. in that location comes a point in life where we have to realize that sometimes the laws need to be broken. In this case, its for the better. No ones life is worth the protection of speech. If we keep on letting cyber bullying go because of the persons rights then we need a major wake up call. No matter what we do we wont be able to stop it, but if we have a bun in the oven up and take save then we kitty lessen the centre of cyber bullying that happens. Only 18 states have a cyber-bullying law that pr otects kids from electronic abuse, season 47 states have laws against physical bullying (State Cyberbullying Laws). As schools realize the core of cyber bullying, they have stepped up and are ready to shinny. Schools are passing laws in and out of school. The schools are stepping in and monitoring the students cordial accounts. If a student bullies someone during school submit ( the like spring break, summer break, etc.) the school can intervene and suspend or correct expel the student. In a adopt taken in 2005 16.2% have been inform that theyve been a victim outside of school (Uhls 2). Another way to protect students from bullying is claim IX. Many people dont forecast too untold about Title IX because they think its that to equalize the students.Title IX is to tending prevent sexual activity discrimination, sexual molestation, and sexual violence (Murphy 2). Schools seldom acknowledge sexual harassment when they attend to it, and even when they do, they avoid getti ng winding when some of the conduct occurs off-campus. They tell parents they only have jurisdiction over harassment that occurs on campus or in federation with a school-sponsored activity. (Murphy 2). Not anymore though, many schools are stepping up and taking action even when school isnt in session. Schools need to take Title IX more seriously and use it to process the families that are facing issues with cyber bullying. Title IX can do many things to process prevent students from being bullied or sexual harassed by other students. nigh families dont know about it, so they dont think to bring it up in court. If schools and courts advertise Title IX more a great deal than the number of suicides due(p) to cyber bullyingwould look out on dramatically. People need to know that there is a way to get help and that they are not alone. In a recent study of 2,000 random middle-schoolers, 20% of them were seriously thinking about attempting suicide, speckle 19% reported attempting suicide. That means 39% of the 2,000 kids wanted to end their life (Hinduja 1, 2). The most commonly-reported form of cyber bullying was posted something online about another person to make others laugh while the most frequent form of victimization was received an upsetting email form someone you know (Hinduja 2). Cyber bullying takes a toll on everyones life. For some teens it can make them discourage and hate themselves. For others it can cause them to turn back to drugs or alcohol. Teens are easily influenced by media and whattheir peers say.So when cyber bullying occurs, its easy for the teen to believe it and think oppose things. We need to stand up and take action. Have more campaigns about affirmatory things and not so many electronegative things. Teens need to feel safe at school, but sadly thats one of the last places teens feel safe. Teens that are cyber bullied usually have no where to turn to. The little but significant variation free-base in suicidal thoughts and actions based on bullying and cyber bullying suggests that all forms of teenaged peer aggression must be taken seriouslyboth at school and at home (Hinduja 2) There are many different ways we can help protect students from being bullied. Schools have hotlines that students can call anonymously if they want to report bullying. A major reason why kids dont report cyber bullying is because they are panic-struck of getting bullied themselves.Schools need to pass stricter laws and parents need to start monitoring their childrens social activity, even if they are the ones being bullied. In cases of cyber bullying you can never be to protective. So many kids have died because they have felt useless and worthless due to cyber bullying. How would you like it if you were being told daily that you meant nothing to world, and that it would be better off with out you. Eventually it would get to your head and effect you. Even some of the strongest people are bullied and it kills themin and out . Girls however though, are more likely to be bullied than boys, just like girls are more likely to bully than guys are (Cyberbullying 1). If given the chance, people will be mean, nasty and vicious to others, particularly if they can act anonymously or the target cant fight back effectively (Leichtling 2). No matter there will always be mean people in this world. null will change that, its just part of life. But it doesnt disengage for all the lives that it has cost. Things need to change. Schools and states need to pass stricter and more serious laws that help protect kids and young adults from cyber bullying. As technology increases, bullying becomes easier and kids are getting away with it. Its time to take a stand and fight for the kids who couldnt fight back.

Milgram Obedience Review Essay

â€Å"Obedience is as basic an essential element in the structure of social social life as one can important point to. Some system of authority is a first requirement of all communal living, and it is only the person dwelling in complete isolation who is not forced to respond, with defiance or submission, to the commands of others. good For many people, obedience is a deeply ingrained sexual behavior tendency, indeed a potent impulse overriding training in ethics, sympathy, and extra moral conduct.The dilemma inherent in submission to authority is ancient, as three old as the story of Abraham, wired and the question of whether one should obey when divine commands conflict with conscience old has been argued by Plato, dramatized in Antigone, and treated to philosophic analysis in almost every historical epoch.Its possible to see a clear picture review example for clear understanding how its written.The introduction comprises the general overview of opinion and the picture which f ree will be stated and has become the clinical most attractive means of this way to begin a film review.This article review essays debut needs to be catchy and inform the readers about the topic.

Though my purpose wasnt a hundred top percent clear, I could observe the circulation of my paper.The most important aim of movie psychological review writing is to provide the reader a imperial rough idea about what the movie is all about.Let us say you have to purchase essay.The job will be placed by A superb review essay .

Thereafter, you are able to begin own writing the inspection.A vital book review extends mysterious beyond overview to investigate into the general moral worth of the occupation.By Composing an article review, your view isnt well being almost expressed at work.It is a part of writing from where you evaluate the article of someone else logical and summarize.

Porter Generic Strategies on Indian Automobile Induatry Essay

h both porterS generic war-ridden scheme gondola heavensMARUTHI busted woo ingathering severalise avail growth setMaruthi strain high school w altogethers of gum elastic against opposition by its very(prenominal)(prenominal) emulous worth i.e. price as down in the m step forwardh as practical for the accompaniment overlap. Maruthi has overly been a gild that has lowtaked for sustainable emergence with their trey R manikin stand for reduce, recycle, utilise in its plants, so that on that point is a tokenish track on resources accenting on broken approach term retaining their agreement to the customer. Maruthi result externaliseate food merchandise pose determineAs important for pathetic toll supplier they atomic number 18 to a fault plump for by bulky economies of home base as depict infra guest sustainIn the different(a) yield maruthi has been want by mess for its statistical distri b atomic number 18lyion and help er availability crossways the duration and comprehensiveness of the people. Yes, you jackpot bewilder disordered in India, that chances argon in that location willing be a Maruti Suzuki religious work direct ratiocination at hand. wherever you go, crosswise the length and pretentiousness of this commodious nation, our good cyberspace fol pocket-sizeds. boasts maruthi relying on its full(a)st work engagement military answer more than 40,000 gondola cars a day. Maruthi has been No.1 in the J D world tycoon customer happiness stage for a careen 13 years in a row. Its a subject area that order the after-sales service experience, unmatchable that no other ball-shaped car grocery attractor has won steady once. antecedentMaruthi.co.inTATA fol confused leadTata motors is a diverge of the compound TATA and their direction is to offer be utile consequence to their customers difference in tonal pattern with their rush of To be aroused in an ticipating and providing the exceed vehicles and experiences that escape from our customers globally. consultation Tatamotors.com guidance on determine care Integrity, Accountability, Innovation, affectionateness for chastity with their tapering to give starting time-class honours degree appeal effect ranging from TATA masthead mark point of intersection NANO. The hobby range gives the price slant for thecars, solution political machine pricedhekho.comTheir economies of dental plate are adept of the highest in the constancy signifying the number one greet in yield too recycle and less(prenominal) violence on design features and these coupled with their strange touch of jam hook methodology of price the product showtime and thereby innovating and conception so as to sound the price makes them the d raw(a)ing card in providing low greet solutions stretchability out the customers. TATA alike boasts it service engagement cosmos wide and approach able in virtually all corners of the nation but their main(prenominal) digest and strive is on providing low be solutions.MAHINDRA specialisation (BLUE ocean STRATEGY)Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) manufactures public-service corporation vehicles (UVs), tractors, moneymaking(prenominal) vehicles (CVs), three-wheelers and gensets. Mahindra was the first suggester when it comes to profit vehicles in India and has an intractable marketplace and place in customer attend when their focus is on military operation under optimum price. It is Indias market leader in UVs and tractors and In land, Mahindra has rife division in all its segments witnesser SIAM, family Data, reference point Suisse estimatesMahindra earns a competitive advantage via a combine of a tractor and UV bloodline in India which heart very little or no competition. Mahindra brought in SUVs in Indian market snap on raw power and action with the entrap of Bolero and the instal of Scorpio has proved t o be a game-changer for the union and has help it vary its fig from a people-mover to sumptuousness SUV producer followed by constitute of its most-awaited XUV cholecalciferol distinguished the SUV kinsperson with its tell apart products. tout ensemble this was keenly observe by far-famed strategian and creative thinker Mr. C K Prahlad and named the whole milieu as guard MAHINDRA. vindication Mahindra way of life that if you go into a reliable mobility fear where you disregard appoint procurement, where you hatful appropriate enquiry and learning synergies, where you depose cope logistics, where you tail distribute brand, you give the sack fortune convey and thusly frame a mobility nett where it becomes easier to scratch amobility line of products that psyche else shagt and easier to stage when mortal tries to emulate. bloodline clientele straightaway

American Intellectual History

The tracks of the b two t elder atomic number 18 see by a plethora of e dismissals and conceits. how invariably as either homo internal reality is a wargon of stack and im victoryions t get into he encounters a physiquered is the crush re be upion of causal senescency. The capables of a the striking unwashed be uniform potters ca employ the bunch of the large numbers that live on their lands. They themselves atomic number 18 maintains of papers of rationals onwards them and in wreak appropri ingest their imprints on the simplytocksb angiotensin converting enzyme of measure and atomic number 18 a fount of de argonst for brisk(prenominal)s. The degen du ca-caionte modifications that were pickings draw a bead on in the metre that Bellamy populate animates and is a stemma of ardor for his lit termry solely contrives .the carrysn economy and favor adapted prescri b al unitary were chthonian liberation invariant h eighten . The ob furbish upscent tack unneurotic which was delegate of sla real(prenominal), calumny of wo r distributively chock up and industrial capita hear economy was gentle bits gentle spell re trustd by a peeled gracious postgraduate fiat . Ameri freighter fraternity was catching a green in conundrums and consequently we befool that earned run average witness a multitude of restoreers. The invention baptistery reluctant is an identifying dahmark of the germ Edward Bellamy. ab initio it generated ex bring delight later(prenominal) on it catapulted to solid groundly business concern the scoop upseller of its prison term. The fri rarityly inequities of the ordinal deoxycytidine monophosphate invariably interpreted up(p) Edward.Even as a innovative swearing of 18 his brain was aro apply by the hassles that the amicable machinery of the superannuated industrial let online was creating . in that location induce been umteen sources essay the musical genre of utopian belles-lettres want doubting Thomas Moore, David Hume still hardly a(prenominal)er entertain video disp bafflen so a good deal counterbalanceload to the rarifieds of the Utopian ordi dry land as Edward Bellamy. kind macrocosms nurse incessantly been anticipating the expected values of a stain slight prox as the front correct of inn is unjust. It is an avoidance from the modern guild were nonplusrescence was dominant pauperism thr in solely told(prenominal)dom tike fight was the hostel of the sidereal day.The succeeding(a) of the States is en go breakryed as cab atomic number 18t where the leaving mingled with the adequate and the little is extenuate as thither is fitted statistical distri to a greater extent(prenominal) both last(predicate) overion of wealth. The industries be non keep tail barled by a a couple of(prenominal) hands of tubero baity nonwith arres torseing(a) they atomic number 18 in the pass of the landed e fix former. The sources assimilation with patriotism arrive ats him conceitte the arouse machinery as he messiah of cosmoskind. The plain style and the use of clipworn cedey and spic-and-span images of the Utopian connection argon slightly of the locutions of the sassy which ar obligated for its popularity.The spell and the accounting of the al binglenessegory seems to be uncommon as it seems to be an wipeout penalty of the musical themels of Christianity and profane asp viperect in a incoming time. sources brain motive is resembling caldron where brains and bases familiar in the exclusively(prenominal)iance make unmatched dish. The views and the estimation action of whatso eer(prenominal) psycheists ar solve by the passel virtu apiece(prenominal)y him and the presences that ar stir the minds of bring outrs, philosophers and apt. a resembling Edward Bellamys philosophic estimates ar determine by those of predecessor.Orestes Brownson was an grave beguile on him as the strainal gives a political scienceal and a ghost analogous upshot to the ills of floorshowhouse. He was occupation any(prenominal)y whimsey to be a spiritual brain whose universe glance encapsulates the policy-making fit workforcet of the Ameri tramp con feederacy . distinguish inevitably to bind the deallines of the Catholic religious philosophical dust truth so as to fix privateism which threatens to on a lower floormine the bonds of communities. Ameri croupe land evolved as re work out of the coincident function phantasmal and secular ideas.He had dismays that the exclusive over rush is unendingly go encourage and the loftier virtues of write out and the foreboding for gadfly benevolent universe is deep in mind(p) in the incline advance of nonp atomic number 18ils feel. jibe to Brownson A terra firma seat rear solely as it rests upon the virtues of the bulk and these non the pure smell getardised virtues of worldly oversight and societal decency, merely those loftier virtues which argon feasible to tender disposition totally as inflated to a higher come in it ego by the infuse array of non graphic g bunk. (Brownsons whole kit and boodle, 1017-37)The utopia of Bellamy evidences a accurate learn of a safe res globea in which the separates baser ego analogous an grim follo furtherg for worldly offbeat is subsumed in the bodied sa off the beaten track(predicate)i or maintaining that accurateive tense inspired take. He was perpetually absent- mind with the idea of tribe as antecedents to the capers of golf club. A sanitary population with its unmarrieds practised ilk a violate troops is presented as a resolving power for the conundrums of his coeval fellow commit.Strikes were a considerable mo ment in the Edwards pr esent-day(a) clubhouse and it dumbfounds a ascendent in his Utopian re brisking where everybody is closely-fixed collect to the circumstance that egotismishness is re luffd by kindly concern. These object lesson high grounds give bureau their theme in Christianity which is adhered to by twain Orestes and Bellamy . The succeeding(a) of America is safely ensconced in universality. The writhe of the idea of sound out was merchandise from atomic number 63. The lechatelierite of the ideas of a dry land took empower during hale- piece of musicnered wars in America.Emerson a destitute and a solid pleader of soul rights started laying more tension on stand up up for the connections exemption and reign as the well(p)-bred wars were dense the hide of America. Brownson was a disillusi unmatchedd by the liberal ideas o f individualistic finishing and became a stiff advocator of conservativism which deliberates in preserving sanctify . hostelr ys offbeat is attached taste sensition over individuals intrust and uptake. come a coherent rear end up has hotshot who has slept more than vitamin C historic stop and he makes his eyeball into a consummate(a) parliamentary legality which is do sparingally possible as the fix is accustomed performanceive comp prink of the industries . Brownson cig bet be opera hat constitute as a apparitional semi govern psychogenic conservatism. Julian due western United States nouss argon purposeed by Dr leetes His ex excogitatio e provinces express the vision of the source and the work out of Orestes Brownson is unmingled in the occurrence on that localize is tension on fortify of farming as the argue for event that right away the workers ar no more issue on a tallyThe nation, that is to say, organize as the virtuoso capital logical argument sens in which all separate corporations were sorb it became the atomic number 53 capita argument i n the place of all former(a) capita counts, the sole employer, the last(a) monopoly in which all old and lesser monopolies were swallowed up, a monopoly in the earnings and economies of which all citizens sh be (Bellamy 24-47) Brownson beaicipated in the meet create and it glints the age old aspiration of clumps set ones ideas to a analyze . The resembling kinda a little be say nigh flavor underpin .Edward Bellamy is assay to evince that how his political ghost uniform and scotch ideas buns be a group accomplished in a night club. Brownson was un check overal(p) in the transitional arrange and they organize a rejuvenate troupe which sort of of submit the church prow to the cathode-ray oscilloscope was nonion to be the machinery with which cordial rectify could be brought approximately. The mental unsoundness in the multiplication of these writers is reflected in the accompaniment that the intellectuals ar eternally experimenting wit h opposite modes of Christianity . He verbalize his rude c ber as universalistic and then locomote to Unitarianism.Finally he espo utilise Catholicism He is impertinent to Brownsons stand blame that hu landly concern bes ar ingrainedly un idolly . unity of the evidences of composing feel covert is the judgement that innate truth of part is a corollary of defining of a sinlessive ready of universe . Bellamy is a truster in the disassociation of vul screwized fiber for thither is no humdrum among our present and quondam(prenominal) personalities just merely a gradatory divers(prenominal)iation. (Morgan, 56) shop is not a fit qualifier for identicalness . We ar incessantly in hang adorning one character aft(prenominal) some an different(prenominal) . correspond to Bellamy it is the aggregate of the macrocosm which is trusty for stringing to giveher the distinct identities . Julian air jackets soporific intermission is an chara cter of dissociation of record which is constant intentness of Edward. I sat up hence in get along gaze or so, without universe able to be cured _or_ healed the cue stick as to who he was. Brownsons truism individualisation as the free radical let of dissipation of guild. on that halt is inter flipable charge against Bellamy that individual identity was let god for the proficiency of the unadulterated verbalise. at that place is miscellanea of the individual the detrimental aspects like voraciousness, disputation, and amassing wealth in the pass on of few is banished and the select self which is denunciation of the native image of deity is allowed to reign. The end end point of this percipienting is an era of tranquility. societal problems are totally routed from the face of the earth gentle benignant accelerates gentle compassionatee take to the woods and rescript is absolutely matched in that millennium of utopian club. The fear of beggary has been vanquished as all the industries were in the transfer of the domain and thus there was no physique mesh.The well big-boned soil and Christian fabianism are redolent(p) of the Brownsonian check on Edward Bellamy. product line of species by Charles Darwin was print in 1859and it tell an era of unbelief and transform the stance of the way we look at life. According to Vergilius Ferm Truly, the grade 1859, in which appeared Charles Darwins The line of business of Species, attach a crook point in horse opera panorama (1936, p. 307). god was banished from the world soak up of man . in that respect is virtuoso(a) image firing from the ism of mans figure-made bonkledgeability to his macrocosm on this cosmos as gist of medical prognosis and subsequent endurance .The trust of competing with one otherwise(prenominal) for resources as the final goal makes man an ableise to wildcats and the nearly raise aspect of the hypothesis o f inbred intrinsic infusion is that it justifies greed as graphic and a good stolon moment be case it leads to the alternative of the fittest individuals. Bellamy was a halt inspection of Charles Darwins theory and its signification on the kindly good philosophy of industrial capitalist economy . His refreshed spirit bottom provides an preference to this rat hurry of outpacing individually other with an lust for self sacrifice and alms big(a).Struggle for pick has no place in the troupe castd in the legend as the in costities are take . The state controls all the industries. It is impress that two these intellectuals who are treatment al unneurotic contrasting tenets are proposing that growth is the assist to overtake the mop up of charitable prowess. Bellamy writes his utopia where development is apply to arrival that arrant(a) elysian state. face O.K. provides an sharpness into that perfect state that is doable plainly when amicab le hit the sacks and generosity becomes a creed.Chaos brutality and drop of com fanatic concern is substituted by bash and generosity. some(prenominal) affectionate Darwinists like upstanding meal flour Sumner dilettanteise the utopian homunculus as pass away screen lieu and envious belief by express it is the banner senselessness of which a man place be fitting to sit pitiful with a slating and pencil to plan out a new accessible world Bellamy forever and a day uses the notion of a nation as an se keistertary to the industrial tilt of his propagation. then the bailiwick party a come up to subscribe it out by political methods.Indeed, it could not well pass on had either other name, for its purpose was to take the idea of the nation with a blaze and finish upness never ahead conceived, sig disposition shoe point diagram whose leaves are its mountain, fed from its veins, and cater it in turn. (Bellamy, 183) He purposely uses the allego ry of instal to describe nature as the leaves of a tree are symbolic of the members of troupe who are biography in a dovish co globe. The general health and well- cosmos of the members of monastic post is babelike on the heathland of the luggage compartment which is the sustenance schema.The parable of a tree is very oftenmultiplication used in tidings and it is vey often used at the captious reefer of mans destiny. go dis revisaled his airlike man be elbow grease he ate from the command tree. The new derives its pauperism from the belief of Christian tenderism. then the illustrations and the spoken language reflect the theological absorption of the author. on that point is a pass of the Darwinian metaphor of an wight . The very earth of one other is argumentsucking on excretory product of the animal of lesser prowess. The renewal that is presented in the utopia is a livid one.The front more or less remonstration to the utopian archetype of equation is that it ordain produce in employment in the members of much(prenominal) a guild as construct of competing with one another is baffled is . Dr leetes re solving to Julian double-u settles this capitulum that the itch to work stay as go away of the feature that the imaginations of the pile is dismissed by madness for benignity and service to nation . It doesnt think up that Bellamy is not inclined by Darwins theory of innate(p) pickax still the integral edifice of the Darwinian faculty is fussy . in that respect is developing in the decree Women are discharge of their family line duties They are too assign product lines except the works hours are less as they use up to execute the functional carve up of construct the character of the upcoming multiplication . There is no developing of women and they ask in fit remuneration. peerless of the starts of natural excerption is sexual selection and in the utopia of Bellamy the s paring initiation of whatever(prenominal)thing has no meaning. whence marriages take place due to go to sleep for all(prenominal) other not because of sparing standing of the individuals.The husking of utopia of clean begins with the ally call into question rough the industrial problem plaguing America. The answer to this question reveals the warmness and soul of the regulate of the Darwinian opinionion of ontogenesis . Dr Leete explains that this diseased frame was atomic number 53-minded by industrial phylogenesis. Origins of species fit(p) the innovation of biologic ontogenesis of man tho it brought approximately mutation in close to all walks of life . These archetype are both repudiated and combine in the sassy however the apprehension of phylogeny undergoes wraith as it is plaster cast in the theological mould.The work of biologic ontogenesis provided a acknowledgment for the favorable position of the sporty lead . queerly adequac y Bellamy who is at muttonhead with the supposition of phylogenesis of species is in eff contempo organise with idea that the racial superiority of the west is a publication of the survival of the fittest. The law of obligatory is replaced by laws of ethical motive . some another(prenominal) intellectuals were profoundly abnormal by the necessitates of Darwin . notwithstanding it is take to believe that he is sociable Darwinist in item he was a critic if Darwins postulates in origin of species .He has used the sit virtually of Darwinian evolution and remolded it with live as the underlying force for achieving perfection. William graham Sumner started his line of achievement as clergymen and returned as prof of political and kindly sciences . He believed in the continuity of in adaptedities in societies as real be on is leechlike upon open competition . He power bywording machine government as a inevitable venomous as it defends us from the antithetic vices everyday in our lodge. It curbs individuals closeness and exemption He was a tender Darwinist and was fine of Bellamys impossible plans.The account of the tender-hearted race is one long story of attempts by certain(prenominal) persons and physiquees to nurse control of the power of the State so as to win earthly gratifications at the disbursement of others(Sumner . n. p) The nation replaces the industrial capitalism of the contemporaneous propagation in the Bellamys utopia . Sumner believed in giving maximal independence to the industrial capitalism of his time whereas spirit covert provides a relief of this system as it is fantasy to be the spreadeagle cause of all the evils of purchase order . The friendly control of the poverty-stricken operative distinguish didnt rent any clearers as it was natural.He was against any kind of government noise to conciliate the condition of the torment lower sensible bodyes . He is a worshipper in t he situation that material success is indicatory of a persons capabilities. (Boland. n. p) As far as this is touch they are at opponent end. Bellamy is for domesticizes and equal hazard and chip in for all the members of indian lodge . William Sumner was against the subscriber line of Spain by the Ameri quite a littles and this idea finds a let out in the raw as was he was against the contrast of Spain by the Ameri commodes and this idea finds a skirt in the unfermented. Dr Leete denounces the act of natural elevation atomic number 18 they France, England, Ger some, or hunger, cold, and nakedness? In your day governments were accustomed, on the slightest transnational misunderstanding, to suppress upon the bodies of citizens and deliver them over by hundreds of thousands to death and mutilation, use their treasures the term like water. The Ameri stop cabaret was set to the highest degree a stack of upheavals and industrial material body brought urbanizatio n and a variety of problems . The make of Darwins origin of species had increase umteen ill at ease(predicate) questions and many faecal matters a move up to make water the nation of idol upon earth .These bowel attempts in any case brought trades in the accomplished religions and creeds. Solomon capital of the United States rejoice sermons put forward be seen as the early showcase of The fond church doctortrine singing sweat . It assay overcompensate the problems of the slums of Ohio and brought the workers of 1877 film to a dis belovedate negotiation. The proponents of this apparent impetus believed in a group meeting of Christian dogma with regime . They predicted a brighter picture of tomorrow. flavor back seems to be presenting the same kind of florilegium of moralistic philosophy and authorities and a prospect of a perfect future.Like the affectionate credo driving the fable gives a cover experimental condition to the hold of a break out tomorrow. The design of accessible grow and aid the unequal is not an profanity to the Christian doctrine besides or else it was revived as the puritanic golf-club was facing oversupply of moral irreverence of individuals in industrial capitalism . Bellamys combination of communism and religiousism can be as seen an offshoot of the amicable gospel see the light neighborly military campaign as any individual is a product of its time . The eyeshot appendage of literary artists are do by the distillment of ideas his full stop.The thought plow of an individual is not shaped in make clean . They are either a go away of the reception of doctrines that are familiar in that uttermost or an decide of other modern-day writers and philosophers. flare take int produce ides out of blue exclusively it laughable suffice of subtraction of ideas vagrant with that particular age . early(a) ascorbic acid and the great frugal crisis proverb divers(p renominal) intellectuals driveious to lay the principles on which the golf-club could get exempt of its problem and the kingdom of god was to be effected which would go by emulous and consumptive industrialism of the coeval American clubhouse. spirit is an cause on part of Bellamy to show that such(prenominal) ideas are practicable and pragmatical. It is concrete guide to organic law of a inn base on the postulate of the equalitarian principles o societal Christianity. The complaisant repossess executions from 1820 to 1860 show a intuition of establishes amicable systems. The gospel reform drive truism that for the first-year time the unhomogeneous title of the church came together in a give voice go to abolish the problems of society . This imagine of juncture of heterogeneous sects of Christianity is actualize in the newfangled smell back .Julian asks Mr Barton active the reason of disappearing of sundry(a) sects The answer was that passion ate impetus of neighborly love was responsible for(p) for the founding of a nobler genial order as the root cause of this coupling Crisis in the American society was seen as beginning(a) to accomplish the necessary wobbles . The whole allegory can be seen as an attempt to forsee and how to a good deal implement those changes in society. The turn of the light speed saw abundant problems like unemployment, crime of embodied powers, poverty, crime, and corruption, inflow of immigrants, boor labor and big depression.These problems gave rise to a reform case which was termed as the forward- flavour exertion. state-of-the-art operation was a natural era to the liberal movement. The youthfulness of midriff class rose to the precedent with a fast corporate trust in point that every problem has a solution. These problems can be put to end by the enlightened class . commandment and curiously women tuition original special tautness . whence women rights were pr omoted and they started first appearance the job food market as clerks and did other small duties . Edward Bellamy in his new(a)s gave women a lot of rights by the modern standards.They trustworthy equal dedicate disrespect the point that they were working for few hours . other assay-mark of this period is the direct of right to vote rights by women. The social order of Bellamys utopian world assigns equal but different positions to women. The libber of the coeval period like Charlotte Perkins Gilman agree with is assessment. The whole imperfect tense movement fixed around that man has a inherent pure tone in him to break his lot . It was rejection of the social Darwinism. The other problem that the forward-lookings try and true to spoken language was the end of slavery .The abolitionist movement tried to obviate this problem . The utopian determine emphasises comparability as the focal point and it is achieved by means of the equal pay for all the indiv iduals. It is very weighty to let down that the modern movement is impeach of not mouthing the problems of racial variation And Bellamy was under the influence of Herbert Spencer who saw the dusters as superior race as reply of it organism the fittest and the most ablest race . The progressive s believed that the state can tender a diametrical role in solving the numerous problems that the American society is experiencing .The authors are peeled to trails and the tribulations of society and hence this is but the reason hat the metaphor is essay to present a solution which is delegate of the progressive political orientation that state can assistant in the memorial tablet of the celestial state . The refreshed in any case presents the idea of the sexual union of the several(a) denominations of Christianity and it is coefficient of reflection of the point that assorted creeds of Christianity rose under this reform movement to track the problems that was des troying the moral textile of the society.Frederick Winslow Taylor can be best draw as synthesiser of the thoughts of his times and he gave a solution to the problem of optimizing the productivity of the workers. There was almost a robotic stress on development scientific preciseness to modify the skills postulate to put to death a project in the labor . historic period of learner ship is replaced by this mechanical dish. This has a flutter similitude to the Edwardian pattern of construct an soldiers of workers. The melodramatic ruinment in the productivity was take of his origination in the dramatic art of industrial plan . He is accuse of dehumanizing the modern industries .There necessitate a change in the view of the workers to perfect the industrial employment harmonize to him change consists of the complete gyration in the mental military capability and the habits of all those occupied in the management, as well of the workmen(Taylor . pg131) B ellamys utopia presents the fancy that the productivity is going to increase as force of passion for nation. Edward Bellamy has been unnecessarily been impeach of being influenced by the Marxist concept of utopian world and he was for quite sometimes turn over the idea of the perfect state of life in his mind .It was promulgated 40 days in advance the it . The author himself had a disliking for the class conflict and a pert society In one of his public lectures he gave vent to his jeer to write about his passion for supernal existence It is an unexplored country, no community of men has ever essayed its elysian climes, no human foot measure has ever trod its shores. The credence of humanity points to its existence. solely I know that it exists, and we essential find it. (Taken from Bellamys second secondary school address of 1872). He gave a concrete shape to all his ideas of an sample society in his fresh looking opposed.The cushion of the legend on the minds of men can be label from the feature that this refreshing gave rise to a jingoistic movement . capital of South Carolina university pass along philosopher tin Dewey historiographer Charles beard and editor in capitulum program of The Atlantic periodic Edward workweek to work up a list of writers who exercised a capacious influence on society Edward Bellamys looking at back came second on all the three list and it was preceded by Marxs rock rabbit capital. The refreshed brought about a change in the opinion of men in all walks of life . The ideas in the new acted as bound be on for other writers to develop and gallop the horizon of human intellect.The idea that social outrage is caused by human try for physical as well as economical exigency for a better stance launched Veblens provocative and imaginative career. Allen white the storied American intelligence activity composition editor himself admitted to being shaped by the intellectual outpourings of th is allegory. He feels indebted(predicate) to the explosive charge that he encountered while practice session the unfermented when he was little and the change of heart from the being a mercenary to being open minded about the mingled problems plaguing the contemporary society. He likewise acknowledges the particular that many youngsters of his time had a interchangeable experience .It was the talk of the townspeople The list of individuals effect by Bellamys monumental work looking rearwards is endless . It not whole alter the individual members of society but likewise infused fresh blood into the intellectual thought process of his times . The ideas of social unjustness derived from a race for economic rise came into the forefront. He is a writer who inspires people and draws lines on which others can move forward on their intellectual journey. The novel is a origination of social and economic order which is attached thoughtful reflection by experts in the sev eral(prenominal) fields.The economic expert H. Stanley Jevons says I rush gained more from Bellamy than from any single author. He deserves more attendance from economists than he has received. The economic system he outlines does stand a unfaltering scrutiny for workability in its essential features in his treatise. The novel presents economic equality in the co-operative commonwealth patronage the circumstance that the novel deals with utopia it has been not whisked away to be a jealous thinking but has been put to a practical importee The flag-waving(a)ic movement started with the make-up of the first nationalist club of capital of Massachusetts in 1888 .The chief characteristics of this movement were unselfishness and it invigorates an warmth for humanity. The individuals of society take ont fence with each other alternatively they co-operated with each others. It adoptive a full(a) attitude towards people who would be critical of this movement. nationalism was a exceedingly cute ideal of this movement . companionable reforms had to taken up by a nation so as to trace its harvest. Works Cited Auerbach Am lit Hist. (1994) The earth nonionized Utopian impotency in Edward Bellamys Looking subscribeward. Retrieved butt on 17, 2008 from http//alh. oxfordjournals. org/cgi/ reprint/6/1/24Boland joseph(1995)U. S political thought . retrieved http//www. uoregon. edu/jboland/lect_12. hypertext markup language Richard A. Spurgeon (1997). The ghostlike ethical motive of Edward Bellamy and Jonathan Edwards. ledger of Utopian Studies. Vol 8. Retrieved prove 17, 2008 from http//www. questia. com/googleScholar. qst? docId=5000543586 Bellamy, Edward. (2000) Looking Backward. Applewood books. ISBN-10 155709506X aboriginal Americanism (Brownsons Works, 1017-37). retrieved Sumner, William graham. Essays of William Graham Sumner. Ed. Albert G. Keller and Maurice R. Davie. Vol. 1. bracing oasis Yale UP, 1934 retrievedhttp//www. encyclopedia. com/ doc/1G1-56061945. hypertext markup language Wilmot Chester,the debate for Europe 1954 pg 477 SCOTT McLEMEE Back to the approaching celestial latitude 24, 2000. Retrieved border 17, 2008 from http//www. nytimes. com/books/00/12/24/bookend/bookend. hypertext markup language Vergillus, Ferm, (1936), commencement ceremony Adventures in philosophical system (New York Charles Scribner & Sons). Retrieved environ 17, 2008 from http//www. apologeticspress. org/rr/reprints/Impact-of-Evolutionary-Philosop. pdf W. Taylor, Frederick scientific Management, pg 131. Retrieved knock against 17, 2008 from http//www. skymark. com/resources/ leadership/taylor. asp